<p>Aquasomes, a novel vesicular drug delivery system, have emerged as an innovative platform in nanobiotechnology, offering significant advantages for the delivery of bioactive substances such as proteins, peptides, hormones, antigens, and genes. Aquasomes are spherical, nanoparticulate carriers with a distinctive three-layered architecture with dimensions ranging from 60 to 300&#xa0;nm. The foundation of the system is a nanocrystalline solid core that provides structural stability. This core is usually composed of materials including tin oxide, nanocrystalline carbon ceramics (diamonds), or calcium phosphate (brushite). This core is covered with a layer of carbohydrates, generally polyhydroxyl oligomers such as trehalose or cellobiose, which stabilizes and shields the bioactive molecules from dehydration and maintains their structural integrity. Non-covalent and ionic bonding allow drugs to be adsorbed onto the carbohydrate layer, where they retain their biological function and facilitate the delivery of sensitive bio-actives. Transdermal drug delivery and the transportation of molecules including insulin, hemoglobin, enzymes, and antigens have been shown to be enhanced by aquasomes, leading to improved stability, bioavailability, and controlled release. Aquasomes present a viable approach for the targeted and effective administration of a variety of therapeutic agents, especially for sensitive and conformationally unstable proteins, despite difficulties with large-scale synthesis and stability.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>