<p>In this paper, an investigation was conducted on the temperature–time dependence of the electrical durability of high-pressure polyethylene (HPPE) films. The role of organic additives, phthalic anhydride and phthalic acid, was identified. The additive content in HPPE compositions was adjusted with a range from 0.01 to 0.1 mass percent. Results show that incorporating appropriate amounts of these additives increases the electrical strength of HPPE films by approximately 50% compared to unmodified HPPE. Measurements were also conducted on the electrical strength of HPPE films and their modified compositions under varying mechanical stress levels. The activation energy of electrical breakdown (<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11043_2025_9780_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="16" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>U</mi> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$U$</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>) and its intrinsic value (<InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11043_2025_9780_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="19" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>U</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$U_{0}$</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>) remained consistent across both unmodified HPPE and its optimally modified forms. However, modifications with phthalic anhydride and phthalic acid altered the structure-sensitive coefficient (<InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11043_2025_9780_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="15" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>β</mi> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\beta $</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>), reflecting changes in HPPE properties. The value of <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11043_2025_9780_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="19" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>U</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$U_{0}$</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> aligns with the activation energy of chemical bonds, indicating that electrical breakdown in these polymers primarily occurs through bond disruption.</p>

The influence of organic additives phthalic anhydride and phthalic acid on the temperature–time dependencies of the electrical strength of HPPE films

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发表日期：

2025年4月16日

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Matanat Ahmed Mehrabova,
Surayya Isa Mammadova,
Sevinj Ittifag Safarova,
Farhad Shamil Kerimov,
Shafiqa Mohammad Mehdiyeva

摘要

In this paper, an investigation was conducted on the temperature–time dependence of the electrical durability of high-pressure polyethylene (HPPE) films. The role of organic additives, phthalic anhydride and phthalic acid, was identified. The additive content in HPPE compositions was adjusted with a range from 0.01 to 0.1 mass percent. Results show that incorporating appropriate amounts of these additives increases the electrical strength of HPPE films by approximately 50% compared to unmodified HPPE. Measurements were also conducted on the electrical strength of HPPE films and their modified compositions under varying mechanical stress levels. The activation energy of electrical breakdown ( $U$ $U$ ) and its intrinsic value ( $U_{0}$ $U_{0}$ ) remained consistent across both unmodified HPPE and its optimally modified forms. However, modifications with phthalic anhydride and phthalic acid altered the structure-sensitive coefficient ( $β$ $\beta $ ), reflecting changes in HPPE properties. The value of $U_{0}$ $U_{0}$ aligns with the activation energy of chemical bonds, indicating that electrical breakdown in these polymers primarily occurs through bond disruption.