<p>Chaos theory is a field of mathematics and science focused on the study of complex systems that exhibit extreme sensitivity to minor variations in their initial conditions. This phenomenon, known as the butterfly effect, illustrates how tiny changes at the start can result in vastly different outcomes. In the recent years, a large number of chaotic map-based image encryption scheme have been proposed, which use chaotic maps either to generate shared key or perform permutation of image pixels or perform diffusion among image pixels. Subsequently, a lot of research has been done to propose chaotic maps with improved chaotic efficiency and reduced implementation complexity. Recently, it has been observed, among these proposed chaotic maps, the trigonometric functions based chaotic maps have gained lot of popularity in implementing image encryption schemes. Hence, the work in this paper, reviews some recently proposed Trigonometric Chaotic Map (TCM) based image encryption schemes. It, first, discusses these maps by classifying them into one-dimensional and multi-dimensional chaotic maps, and then, evaluating them in terms of standard parameters bifurcation diagram, Lyapunov exponent, Shannon entropy etc. Second, it analyses image encryption schemes that utilize these chaotic maps across their different phases using state-of-the-art metrics such as Unified Average Changing Intensity (UACI), Number of Pixels Change Rate (NPCR), and Information entropy. Finally, the paper discusses various challenges that still exist, and provides directions for the future research in this important field of research. The paper also provides fundamentals details of image encryption scheme architecture, chaotic map evaluation parameters and image encryption scheme evaluation parameters.</p>