Scholarlink

<p>The electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is a critical medical modality for diagnosing cardiovascular diseases, and with the rapid growth of smart healthcare systems and remote medical services, ensuring the secure transmission of digital ECG records over open networks has become essential. Leveraging digital data, smart healthcare systems now provide remote medical assistance. However, ensuring the securing this data during transmission remains a major challenge. In this scheme, 2-D ECG image is first converted into different sub-bands using Integer wavelet transform (IWT) and the HH sub-band is further processed using Schur decomposition (SD) to embed the watermark image. The Fuzzy inference system (FIS) is utilized to optimize the embedding gain factor and performance of the scheme is evaluated using different parameters. The peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) offered by proposed scheme demonstrate that the watermark information is visually imperceptible in the watermarked 2-D ECG image. The normalized correlation coefficient (NCC) value of extracted watermark is more than 0.9800 against various attacks. The proposed scheme improves PSNR values as compared to several existing schemes and enhances the NCC value in most of the instances.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

SchurMark: Robust and secure ECG watermarking in Schur domain for IOMT

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月2日

查看全文
  • Anurag Tiwari,
  • Divyanshu Awasthi,
  • Vinay Kumar Srivastava

摘要

The electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is a critical medical modality for diagnosing cardiovascular diseases, and with the rapid growth of smart healthcare systems and remote medical services, ensuring the secure transmission of digital ECG records over open networks has become essential. Leveraging digital data, smart healthcare systems now provide remote medical assistance. However, ensuring the securing this data during transmission remains a major challenge. In this scheme, 2-D ECG image is first converted into different sub-bands using Integer wavelet transform (IWT) and the HH sub-band is further processed using Schur decomposition (SD) to embed the watermark image. The Fuzzy inference system (FIS) is utilized to optimize the embedding gain factor and performance of the scheme is evaluated using different parameters. The peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) offered by proposed scheme demonstrate that the watermark information is visually imperceptible in the watermarked 2-D ECG image. The normalized correlation coefficient (NCC) value of extracted watermark is more than 0.9800 against various attacks. The proposed scheme improves PSNR values as compared to several existing schemes and enhances the NCC value in most of the instances.