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<p>The optimization of advanced video coding standards remains an ongoing challenge. This study addresses the computational challenges arising from the increasing number of intra-modes in High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) and proposes a solution through the <i>Golden Eagle Optimization</i> (GEO) algorithm. Skipping coding steps may reduce computational cost but often increases the Bjontegaard Delta Bit Rate (BD-BR) overhead. Therefore, GEO is used in this study to balance BD-BR increase and complexity reduction. The study analyzes GEO’s modules to align them with those of HEVC. In the proposed analogy, the eagle represents the Rate-Distortion Optimization (RDO) module, while rabbits correspond to intra-modes. Finally, the parameters of GEO are fine-tuned for two scenarios: (i) saving BD-BR or (ii) saving time. Experimental results demonstrate a significant 35.16% reduction in complexity, with only a slight 1.55% BD-BR overhead. These findings contribute to advancements in video compression technologies and encourage further research.</p>

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Golden Eagle Optimization for accelerating intra-mode estimation in HEVC

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月22日

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  • Junaid Tariq,
  • Imran Javed,
  • Hameedur Rahman,
  • Ashfaq Hussain,
  • Kamran Saeed,
  • Amir Ijaz

摘要

The optimization of advanced video coding standards remains an ongoing challenge. This study addresses the computational challenges arising from the increasing number of intra-modes in High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) and proposes a solution through the Golden Eagle Optimization (GEO) algorithm. Skipping coding steps may reduce computational cost but often increases the Bjontegaard Delta Bit Rate (BD-BR) overhead. Therefore, GEO is used in this study to balance BD-BR increase and complexity reduction. The study analyzes GEO’s modules to align them with those of HEVC. In the proposed analogy, the eagle represents the Rate-Distortion Optimization (RDO) module, while rabbits correspond to intra-modes. Finally, the parameters of GEO are fine-tuned for two scenarios: (i) saving BD-BR or (ii) saving time. Experimental results demonstrate a significant 35.16% reduction in complexity, with only a slight 1.55% BD-BR overhead. These findings contribute to advancements in video compression technologies and encourage further research.