<p>We study the spectral properties of the phase space localization operator <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11040_2025_9512_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="24" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(P_{R}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>P</mi> <mi>R</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, defined by the indicator function of a disk <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11040_2025_9512_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="27" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(D_{R}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>D</mi> <mi>R</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> of radius <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11040_2025_9512_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="50" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(R&lt;1.\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>R</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>.</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> The localization is performed using a family of negative binomial states (NBS), labeled by points <i>z</i> in the unit disk <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11040_2025_9512_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="13" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathbb {D}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">D</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and parameterized by <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11040_2025_9512_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="22" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="41" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\nu &gt; {\frac{1}{2}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>ν</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. These states are intrinsically connected to the 1D pseudo-harmonic oscillator (PHO) through superpositions of its eigenfunctions. The superposition coefficients form an orthonormal basis of a weighted Bergman space <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11040_2025_9512_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="49" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathcal {A}^{\nu }\left( \mathbb {D}\right) \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">A</mi> </mrow> <mi>ν</mi> </msup> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">D</mi> </mfenced> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, which also emerges as the eigenspace of a 2D Schrödinger operator with a magnetic field (proportional to <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11040_2025_9512_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="10" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="12" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\nu \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>ν</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>) corresponding to the lowest hyperbolic Landau level. The eigenvalues <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11040_2025_9512_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="25" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="32" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\lambda _{j}^{\nu ,R}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msubsup> <mi>λ</mi> <mrow> <mi>j</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>ν</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>R</mi> </mrow> </msubsup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> of <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11040_2025_9512_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="24" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(P_{R}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>P</mi> <mi>R</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> were obtained via a discrete spectral resolution within a shared eigenbasis for <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11040_2025_9512_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="24" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(P_{R}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>P</mi> <mi>R</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and the PHO. By using these eigenvalues we obtain a closed-form expression for the variance of the particle count in <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11040_2025_9512_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="27" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(D_{R}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>D</mi> <mi>R</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> under the determinantal point process (DPP) defined by the weighted Bergman kernel. Beyond <InlineEquation ID="IEq12"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11040_2025_9512_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="27" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(D_{R}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>D</mi> <mi>R</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, the phase space content of <InlineEquation ID="IEq13"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11040_2025_9512_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="24" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(P_{R}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>P</mi> <mi>R</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> was estimated via the NBS photon-counting distribution, revealing a non-zero residual contribution. Using the coherent state transform associated with NBS, we mapped <InlineEquation ID="IEq14"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11040_2025_9512_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="24" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(P_{R}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>P</mi> <mi>R</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> to <InlineEquation ID="IEq15"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11040_2025_9512_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="49" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathcal {A}^{\nu }\left( \mathbb {D}\right) \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">A</mi> </mrow> <mi>ν</mi> </msup> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">D</mi> </mfenced> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and we derive its explicit integral kernel <InlineEquation ID="IEq16"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11040_2025_9512_Article_IEq16.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="78" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(K_{\nu ,R}\left( z,w\right) \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mrow> <mi>ν</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>R</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mi>z</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>w</mi> </mfenced> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, which converges to the Bergman kernel <InlineEquation ID="IEq17"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11040_2025_9512_Article_IEq17.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="67" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(K_{\nu }\left( z,w\right) \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mi>ν</mi> </msub> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mi>z</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>w</mi> </mfenced> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> as <InlineEquation ID="IEq18"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11040_2025_9512_Article_IEq18.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="49" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(R\rightarrow 1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>R</mi> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>.</p>

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A phase space localization operator in negative binomial states

  • Zouhaïr Mouayn,
  • Soumia Touhami,
  • Samah Aslaoui

摘要

We study the spectral properties of the phase space localization operator \(P_{R}\) P R , defined by the indicator function of a disk \(D_{R}\) D R of radius \(R<1.\) R < 1 . The localization is performed using a family of negative binomial states (NBS), labeled by points z in the unit disk \(\mathbb {D}\) D and parameterized by \(\nu > {\frac{1}{2}}\) ν > 1 2 . These states are intrinsically connected to the 1D pseudo-harmonic oscillator (PHO) through superpositions of its eigenfunctions. The superposition coefficients form an orthonormal basis of a weighted Bergman space \(\mathcal {A}^{\nu }\left( \mathbb {D}\right) \) A ν D , which also emerges as the eigenspace of a 2D Schrödinger operator with a magnetic field (proportional to \(\nu \) ν ) corresponding to the lowest hyperbolic Landau level. The eigenvalues \(\lambda _{j}^{\nu ,R}\) λ j ν , R of \(P_{R}\) P R were obtained via a discrete spectral resolution within a shared eigenbasis for \(P_{R}\) P R and the PHO. By using these eigenvalues we obtain a closed-form expression for the variance of the particle count in \(D_{R}\) D R under the determinantal point process (DPP) defined by the weighted Bergman kernel. Beyond \(D_{R}\) D R , the phase space content of \(P_{R}\) P R was estimated via the NBS photon-counting distribution, revealing a non-zero residual contribution. Using the coherent state transform associated with NBS, we mapped \(P_{R}\) P R to \(\mathcal {A}^{\nu }\left( \mathbb {D}\right) \) A ν D and we derive its explicit integral kernel \(K_{\nu ,R}\left( z,w\right) \) K ν , R z , w , which converges to the Bergman kernel \(K_{\nu }\left( z,w\right) \) K ν z , w as \(R\rightarrow 1\) R 1 .