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Purpose <p>Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumor with limited treatment efficacy due to systemic toxicity and therapeutic resistance. This study aimed to evaluate the combined anticancer effects of SN-38, a potent chemotherapeutic agent, and <i>Boswellia serrata</i>, known for its boswellic acid content with apoptosis-inducing properties, on the U373 GBM cell line.</p> Methods <p>Human U373 GBM cells were treated for 24&#xa0;h with control, SN-38 alone (10&#xa0;µg/ml), <i>Boswellia serrata</i> alone (10, 25, 50&#xa0;µg/ml), and their various combinations. Cell viability (MTT), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), pro-apoptotic BAX, anti-apoptotic BCL-2, and STAT3 protein levels were analyzed using ELISA. Statistical significance was set at <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05.</p> Results <p>Both SN-38 and <i>Boswellia serrata</i> significantly reduced U373 cell viability. The most pronounced reduction was observed in the SN-38 + <i>Boswellia serrata</i> 25&#xa0;µg/ml and 50&#xa0;µg/ml combinations (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Consistent with decreased viability, TAS levels were reduced, and TOS levels increased, particularly in the SN-38 + <i>Boswellia serrata</i> 50&#xa0;µg/ml group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Pro-apoptotic BAX expression increased, while anti-apoptotic BCL-2 expression decreased, with the most significant changes observed in the SN-38 + <i>Boswellia serrata</i> 50&#xa0;µg/ml group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). STAT3 protein levels also decreased in a dose-dependent manner with the combination treatment (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01).</p> Conclusion <p>The combination of <i>Boswellia serrata</i> extract and SN-38 effectively activated apoptotic pathways, increased oxidative stress, and reduced cell viability in U373 GBM cells. These findings suggest that this combination may represent a promising novel strategy for glioblastoma treatment.</p>

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Investigation of anticancer effects of Boswellia serrata extract in combination with SN-38 on U373 GBM cells

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月9日

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  • Numan Taspi̇nar,
  • Sidika Genc,
  • Ali Taghizadehghalehjoughi,
  • Esmanur Ni̇gde,
  • Kubra Karabulut,
  • Rahsan Ilikci Sagkan

摘要

Purpose

Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumor with limited treatment efficacy due to systemic toxicity and therapeutic resistance. This study aimed to evaluate the combined anticancer effects of SN-38, a potent chemotherapeutic agent, and Boswellia serrata, known for its boswellic acid content with apoptosis-inducing properties, on the U373 GBM cell line.

Methods

Human U373 GBM cells were treated for 24 h with control, SN-38 alone (10 µg/ml), Boswellia serrata alone (10, 25, 50 µg/ml), and their various combinations. Cell viability (MTT), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), pro-apoptotic BAX, anti-apoptotic BCL-2, and STAT3 protein levels were analyzed using ELISA. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results

Both SN-38 and Boswellia serrata significantly reduced U373 cell viability. The most pronounced reduction was observed in the SN-38 + Boswellia serrata 25 µg/ml and 50 µg/ml combinations (p < 0.01). Consistent with decreased viability, TAS levels were reduced, and TOS levels increased, particularly in the SN-38 + Boswellia serrata 50 µg/ml group (p < 0.01). Pro-apoptotic BAX expression increased, while anti-apoptotic BCL-2 expression decreased, with the most significant changes observed in the SN-38 + Boswellia serrata 50 µg/ml group (p < 0.01). STAT3 protein levels also decreased in a dose-dependent manner with the combination treatment (p < 0.01).

Conclusion

The combination of Boswellia serrata extract and SN-38 effectively activated apoptotic pathways, increased oxidative stress, and reduced cell viability in U373 GBM cells. These findings suggest that this combination may represent a promising novel strategy for glioblastoma treatment.