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Background <p>Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a major cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, underscoring the need for novel therapeutic strategies. In this preliminary study, the cytotoxic and metabolic effects of <i>Ornithogalum sigmoideum</i> bulb extracts were explored in HT29 colorectal adenocarcinoma cells.</p> Methods <p>Methanolic extracts were prepared and phytochemically characterized by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Cytotoxicity of the extract upon the HT29 cell line, assessed via MTT assay and modulation upon <i>CYP1A1</i>, <i>CYP1B1</i>, and <i>PDX1</i> at IC₅₀, was examined via Quantitative real-time PCR.</p> Results <p>Phytochemical analysis identified methyl hexadecanoate (3.83%), 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, diethyl ester (3.46%), and methyl octadecanoate (3.18%) as the major constituents within a profile predominantly composed of fatty acid esters, aliphatic hydrocarbons, and aromatic compounds. The MTT assay demonstrated a concentration-dependent reduction in cell viability, with an IC₅₀ value of 429.62&#xa0;µg/mL, indicating moderate cytotoxic potency. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed notable modulation of metabolic gene expression, including moderate downregulation of <i>CYP1A1</i> and a small-to-moderate upregulation of <i>CYP1B1</i>, while <i>PDX1</i> expression remained largely unchanged.</p> Conclusion <p><i>O. sigmoideum</i> extract may modulate the transcription of xenobiotic metabolism-related genes in HT29 cell lines, suggesting a potential effect on metabolic pathways. Further protein-level and functional studies are required to confirm these transcriptional findings.</p>

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Evaluation of ornithogalum sigmoideum extract-induced cytotoxicity and expression of xenobiotic metabolism-related genes in HT29 cells

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月8日

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  • Onur Dirican

摘要

Background

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a major cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, underscoring the need for novel therapeutic strategies. In this preliminary study, the cytotoxic and metabolic effects of Ornithogalum sigmoideum bulb extracts were explored in HT29 colorectal adenocarcinoma cells.

Methods

Methanolic extracts were prepared and phytochemically characterized by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Cytotoxicity of the extract upon the HT29 cell line, assessed via MTT assay and modulation upon CYP1A1, CYP1B1, and PDX1 at IC₅₀, was examined via Quantitative real-time PCR.

Results

Phytochemical analysis identified methyl hexadecanoate (3.83%), 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, diethyl ester (3.46%), and methyl octadecanoate (3.18%) as the major constituents within a profile predominantly composed of fatty acid esters, aliphatic hydrocarbons, and aromatic compounds. The MTT assay demonstrated a concentration-dependent reduction in cell viability, with an IC₅₀ value of 429.62 µg/mL, indicating moderate cytotoxic potency. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed notable modulation of metabolic gene expression, including moderate downregulation of CYP1A1 and a small-to-moderate upregulation of CYP1B1, while PDX1 expression remained largely unchanged.

Conclusion

O. sigmoideum extract may modulate the transcription of xenobiotic metabolism-related genes in HT29 cell lines, suggesting a potential effect on metabolic pathways. Further protein-level and functional studies are required to confirm these transcriptional findings.