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Introduction <p>Prostate cancer (PCa) ranks as the fifth most prevalent cancer type globally, with its incidence rising due to lifestyle changes. The prognosis significantly worsens at the metastatic stage, with a 5-year survival rate dropping to 30%.</p> Aims <p>This study focuses on the androgen signaling pathway’s role in PCa etiology and aims to identify molecular mechanisms that could serve as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of the disease in a population of Iranian men.</p> Materials and methods <p>We analyzed the expression levels of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) <i>PCAT18, CTBP1 antisense RNA (CTBP1-AS), and HOTAIR</i> in blood samples from 30 PCa patients and 30 individuals with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). <b>RT-PCR</b> and specific primers were used for quantification.</p> Results <p>We observed a significant downregulation of <i>PCAT18, HOTAIR</i> and <i>CTBP1-AS</i> in the PCa cohort compared to BPH.</p> <p>ROC curve analysis revealed <i>HOTAIR</i> as the most promising biomarker, with an area under the curve of 0.6897. Further analysis indicated that <i>PCAT18 and HOTAIR</i> demonstrate considerable sensitivity and specificity for distinguishing PCa from BPH, suggesting their potential utility in clinical diagnosis and prognosis evaluation. Significant correlation was found between LNCRNAs expression and demographic information for <i>CTBP1-AS</i> expression vs. size of tumor, <i>PCAT18</i> expression vs. PSA and <i>PCAT18</i> expression vs. grade. These results implying that lncRNAs dysregulation may be more indicative of cancer biology.</p> Discussion <p>These findings highlight the importance of <i>CTBP1</i>, <i>PCAT18 and HOTAIR</i> as potential biomarkers in prostate cancer and underscore the necessity for further investigation into their roles in cancer progression and therapeutic strategies.</p>

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Downregulation of long non-coding RNAs PCAT18, HOTAIR, and CTBP1-AS in prostate malignancies

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月18日

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  • Farkhondeh Pouresmaeili,
  • Mahan Mohammadi,
  • Jalil Hosseini,
  • Azadeh aarabi,
  • Zahra Fazeli,
  • Seyed Farhad Sadr Tabatabaie

摘要

Introduction

Prostate cancer (PCa) ranks as the fifth most prevalent cancer type globally, with its incidence rising due to lifestyle changes. The prognosis significantly worsens at the metastatic stage, with a 5-year survival rate dropping to 30%.

Aims

This study focuses on the androgen signaling pathway’s role in PCa etiology and aims to identify molecular mechanisms that could serve as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of the disease in a population of Iranian men.

Materials and methods

We analyzed the expression levels of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) PCAT18, CTBP1 antisense RNA (CTBP1-AS), and HOTAIR in blood samples from 30 PCa patients and 30 individuals with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). RT-PCR and specific primers were used for quantification.

Results

We observed a significant downregulation of PCAT18, HOTAIR and CTBP1-AS in the PCa cohort compared to BPH.

ROC curve analysis revealed HOTAIR as the most promising biomarker, with an area under the curve of 0.6897. Further analysis indicated that PCAT18 and HOTAIR demonstrate considerable sensitivity and specificity for distinguishing PCa from BPH, suggesting their potential utility in clinical diagnosis and prognosis evaluation. Significant correlation was found between LNCRNAs expression and demographic information for CTBP1-AS expression vs. size of tumor, PCAT18 expression vs. PSA and PCAT18 expression vs. grade. These results implying that lncRNAs dysregulation may be more indicative of cancer biology.

Discussion

These findings highlight the importance of CTBP1, PCAT18 and HOTAIR as potential biomarkers in prostate cancer and underscore the necessity for further investigation into their roles in cancer progression and therapeutic strategies.