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Background <p>A bacterial genome continuously evolves, modifying its genetic makeup to wage a war against the antibiotics. Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales have challenged the efficacy of last resort antibiotics. It’s crucial to complement the phenotypic understanding of bacterial isolates with genotypic analysis, for an-in depth understanding of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and characteristic features aiding the transmission of ARGs.</p> Methods and results <p>In this study, we screened community wastewater of Aligarh, a major city in northern India for the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae.</i> From antibiotic susceptibility test, we identified six <i>E. coli</i> and two <i>K. pneumoniae</i> isolates exhibiting resistance against both imipenem and meropenem. With PCR, we found one <i>E. coli</i> isolate out of this (AK-633) carried the high-risk carbapenemase gene <i>bla</i><sub>NDM−7</sub>. The whole-genome sequencing of AK-633 revealed the gene <i>bla</i><sub>NDM−7</sub> was carried by a mosaic plasmid, plasmid_1550 harboring incompatibility types IncFII/IncFIA/IncFIB. Further, the density and diversity of transposable elements and insertion sequences indicate an active history of recombination and horizontal gene exchange, supporting the role of plasmid_1550 as a potent vehicle for the accumulation and dissemination of ARGs within bacterial populations.</p> Conclusion <p>The detection of <i>bla</i><sub>NDM−7</sub>, harobored by a mosaic plasmid in an <i>E. coli</i> ST940 strain from wastewater in our study adds to growing evidence that environmental reservoirs may significantly contribute to the emergence, maintenance, and global spread of high-risk clones and their associated resistance plasmids.</p>

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Multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli ST940 carrying blaNDM−7 on a Mosaic IncFIA/IncFIB/IncFII plasmid recovered from wastewater

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月16日

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  • Shamsi Khalid,
  • Absar Talat,
  • Asad U. Khan

摘要

Background

A bacterial genome continuously evolves, modifying its genetic makeup to wage a war against the antibiotics. Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales have challenged the efficacy of last resort antibiotics. It’s crucial to complement the phenotypic understanding of bacterial isolates with genotypic analysis, for an-in depth understanding of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and characteristic features aiding the transmission of ARGs.

Methods and results

In this study, we screened community wastewater of Aligarh, a major city in northern India for the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. From antibiotic susceptibility test, we identified six E. coli and two K. pneumoniae isolates exhibiting resistance against both imipenem and meropenem. With PCR, we found one E. coli isolate out of this (AK-633) carried the high-risk carbapenemase gene blaNDM−7. The whole-genome sequencing of AK-633 revealed the gene blaNDM−7 was carried by a mosaic plasmid, plasmid_1550 harboring incompatibility types IncFII/IncFIA/IncFIB. Further, the density and diversity of transposable elements and insertion sequences indicate an active history of recombination and horizontal gene exchange, supporting the role of plasmid_1550 as a potent vehicle for the accumulation and dissemination of ARGs within bacterial populations.

Conclusion

The detection of blaNDM−7, harobored by a mosaic plasmid in an E. coli ST940 strain from wastewater in our study adds to growing evidence that environmental reservoirs may significantly contribute to the emergence, maintenance, and global spread of high-risk clones and their associated resistance plasmids.