Scholarlink

Background <p>Urinary tract infections (UTI) caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria are a serious concern worldwide. The problem is exacerbated by the rapid rise of resistance to antibiotics, including co-trimoxazole and carbapenem. This study investigates the prevalence of co-trimoxazole and carbapenem resistance among bacteria causing UTI from a community hospital in New Delhi.</p> Methods <p>Antibiotic susceptibility tests were carried out by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion and broth microdilution method. Molecular detection of antibiotic-resistant genes was done by PCR. Plasmid-mediated horizontal gene transfer and biofilm studies were performed by conjugation assay and crystal violet assay, respectively.</p> Findings <p>Phenotypic screening of 141 non-duplicate bacterial isolates obtained from urine samples showed co-trimoxazole resistance in 72% isolates (<i>n</i> = 101). Among 101 co-trimoxazole resistant isolates, 63 were phenotypically positive for carbapenem resistance. The isolates were identified as <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>n</i> = 69), <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> (<i>n</i> = 15), <i>Streptococcus dysgalactiae</i> (<i>n</i> = 5), <i>Citrobacter</i> spp. (<i>n</i> = 3), <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (<i>n</i> = 3), <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>n</i> = 3), <i>Klebsiella oxytoca</i> (<i>n</i> = 1), <i>Serratia fonticola</i> (<i>n</i> = 1) and <i>Proteus mirabilis</i> (<i>n</i> = 1). Co-trimoxazole resistant genes <i>sul</i>1, <i>sul</i>2, <i>dfr</i>A1, <i>dfr</i>A5, <i>dfr</i>A7, <i>dfr</i>A12, and <i>dfr</i>A17 were detected in 75, 28, 29, 23, 60, 63, and 8 isolates, respectively. Carbapenem resistance genes <i>bla</i>NDM, <i>bla</i>OXA-48, <i>bla</i>KPC, and <i>bla</i>IMP were amplified in 36, 77, 8, and 27 isolates, respectively using plasmid DNA as the template.</p> Conclusion <p>This study provides useful data on an alarming rise in co-trimoxazole and carbapenem resistance among bacteria causing UTI. Conjugation assay confirmed horizontal transfer of plasmid-borne resistance genes. Furthermore, some of these isolates were resistant to nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin, the last resort antibiotics for treating UTI.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

High prevalence of co-trimoxazole and carbapenem resistance among uropathogenic bacteria from a community hospital in New Delhi, India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月26日

查看全文
  • Mohammad Saif,
  • Vikar Ahmed,
  • Shayan Ahmed,
  • Syed Ahmed Rizvi,
  • Raj Narayan Yadav,
  • Qazi Mohd Rizwanul Haq

摘要

Background

Urinary tract infections (UTI) caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria are a serious concern worldwide. The problem is exacerbated by the rapid rise of resistance to antibiotics, including co-trimoxazole and carbapenem. This study investigates the prevalence of co-trimoxazole and carbapenem resistance among bacteria causing UTI from a community hospital in New Delhi.

Methods

Antibiotic susceptibility tests were carried out by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion and broth microdilution method. Molecular detection of antibiotic-resistant genes was done by PCR. Plasmid-mediated horizontal gene transfer and biofilm studies were performed by conjugation assay and crystal violet assay, respectively.

Findings

Phenotypic screening of 141 non-duplicate bacterial isolates obtained from urine samples showed co-trimoxazole resistance in 72% isolates (n = 101). Among 101 co-trimoxazole resistant isolates, 63 were phenotypically positive for carbapenem resistance. The isolates were identified as Escherichia coli (n = 69), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 15), Streptococcus dysgalactiae (n = 5), Citrobacter spp. (n = 3), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 3), Staphylococcus aureus (n = 3), Klebsiella oxytoca (n = 1), Serratia fonticola (n = 1) and Proteus mirabilis (n = 1). Co-trimoxazole resistant genes sul1, sul2, dfrA1, dfrA5, dfrA7, dfrA12, and dfrA17 were detected in 75, 28, 29, 23, 60, 63, and 8 isolates, respectively. Carbapenem resistance genes blaNDM, blaOXA-48, blaKPC, and blaIMP were amplified in 36, 77, 8, and 27 isolates, respectively using plasmid DNA as the template.

Conclusion

This study provides useful data on an alarming rise in co-trimoxazole and carbapenem resistance among bacteria causing UTI. Conjugation assay confirmed horizontal transfer of plasmid-borne resistance genes. Furthermore, some of these isolates were resistant to nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin, the last resort antibiotics for treating UTI.