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Background <p>One kind of stem cell essential to regenerative medicine is mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The most common chronic viral infectious disease in the world, viral hepatitis, is characterized by potentially fatal liver inflammation brought on by hepatitis virus infections in the liver cells. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections can spread horizontally (via contaminated blood) or vertically (from mother to child). Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is the main cause of chronic liver disease and is mainly spread by sharing needles, receiving unsterilized blood transfusions, and having intercourse with contaminated blood.</p> Methods <p>This study employs a systematic review design using the PRISMA method, screening 19 journals based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria.</p> Results <p>Exosomes from umbilical cord MSCs (UC-MSCs) effectively suppressed interleukin 1β, interleukin 6, and transforming growth factor β1 in an in vitro liver fibrosis model. They inhibited LX2 activation, reducing extracellular matrix proteins (COL I and α-SMA). The bone marrow MSC (BM-MSC) group showed a significantly higher 24-week survival rate than the standard medical therapy (SMT) group. MSCs secrete key anti-inflammatory cytokines mediating immunomodulatory effects and supporting regeneration through differentiation potential. Pretreating MSCs with various stimuli enhances therapeutic efficacy before liver transplantation. BM-MSCs improve liver function, reduce infections, and increase survival due to immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. Both allogeneic and autologous BM-MSC and UC-MSC transplants do not cause secondary liver cirrhosis related to chronic hepatitis B, but strict monitoring is necessary to prevent side effects like carcinogenesis and viral transmission. MSCs also influence angiogenesis and tumor cells by secreting growth factors.</p> Conclusion <p>Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BM-MSCs) and Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells (UC-MSCs) demonstrate promising therapeutic efficacy against viral hepatitis infection through various mechanisms, including immunomodulation, anti-inflammatory effects, and regenerative potential. Vigilant monitoring for adverse effects is necessary to ensure safety in clinical use.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Therapeutic evaluation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for hepatitis virus infection: immunoregulation, anti-inflammatory effects, and clinical potential - a systematic review

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月11日

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  • Inggit Dana Ayu Wilujeng,
  • Andri Pramesyanti Pramono,
  • Yanto Sandy Tjang,
  • Ratna Puspita

摘要

Background

One kind of stem cell essential to regenerative medicine is mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The most common chronic viral infectious disease in the world, viral hepatitis, is characterized by potentially fatal liver inflammation brought on by hepatitis virus infections in the liver cells. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections can spread horizontally (via contaminated blood) or vertically (from mother to child). Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is the main cause of chronic liver disease and is mainly spread by sharing needles, receiving unsterilized blood transfusions, and having intercourse with contaminated blood.

Methods

This study employs a systematic review design using the PRISMA method, screening 19 journals based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Results

Exosomes from umbilical cord MSCs (UC-MSCs) effectively suppressed interleukin 1β, interleukin 6, and transforming growth factor β1 in an in vitro liver fibrosis model. They inhibited LX2 activation, reducing extracellular matrix proteins (COL I and α-SMA). The bone marrow MSC (BM-MSC) group showed a significantly higher 24-week survival rate than the standard medical therapy (SMT) group. MSCs secrete key anti-inflammatory cytokines mediating immunomodulatory effects and supporting regeneration through differentiation potential. Pretreating MSCs with various stimuli enhances therapeutic efficacy before liver transplantation. BM-MSCs improve liver function, reduce infections, and increase survival due to immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. Both allogeneic and autologous BM-MSC and UC-MSC transplants do not cause secondary liver cirrhosis related to chronic hepatitis B, but strict monitoring is necessary to prevent side effects like carcinogenesis and viral transmission. MSCs also influence angiogenesis and tumor cells by secreting growth factors.

Conclusion

Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BM-MSCs) and Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells (UC-MSCs) demonstrate promising therapeutic efficacy against viral hepatitis infection through various mechanisms, including immunomodulation, anti-inflammatory effects, and regenerative potential. Vigilant monitoring for adverse effects is necessary to ensure safety in clinical use.

Graphical Abstract