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Background <p>The world’s most important oil crop in terms of production and utilization, which accounts for approximately 55% of global oilseed production is soybean (<i>Glycine max</i> (L.) Merr.). It is mainly grown for its economic and nutritional benefits. Assessing the genetic diversity among soybean germplasm is essential for improving breeding activities to develop superior cultivars.</p> Methods and results <p>This study evaluated the genetic diversity among 56 soybean genotypes comprising 42 advanced breeding lines and 14 varieties released in Ghana and Nigeria using 21 simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers. A total of 718 alleles with an average of 33.48 alleles per locus were identified. Polymorphic information content values ranged from 0.401 to 0.592, averaging 0.544, while anticipated heterozygosity varied from 0.517 to 0.666 per marker. Cluster analysis revealed two main clusters, with Cluster 1 containing only one genotype (SARIEXP19), while the rest were in Cluster 2. Three major groupings (I, II, III) were revealed by the principal coordinate analysis (PCoA), with Group I consisting of only advanced breeding lines. The study demonstrated a moderate level of genetic diversity among the soybean genotypes, suggesting the potential for further improvement. The PCoA results indicated that the advanced breeding lines were genetically diverse from the released varieties and could be released later to reduce genetic vulnerability.</p> Conclusion <p>The study’s outcomes provide information to serve as a foundation for conserving genetic resources, selecting parental breeding lines, and developing soybean varieties suited to local environmental conditions in the subregion.</p>

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Molecular characterization of soybean accessions using ssr markers and unveiling the genetic diversity

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月7日

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  • Theophilus Achina,
  • Francis Anti Amoako,
  • Stephen Amoah,
  • Benjamin Karikari,
  • Samuel Acheampong,
  • Marian Dorcas Quain,
  • Samson Pandam Salifu

摘要

Background

The world’s most important oil crop in terms of production and utilization, which accounts for approximately 55% of global oilseed production is soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). It is mainly grown for its economic and nutritional benefits. Assessing the genetic diversity among soybean germplasm is essential for improving breeding activities to develop superior cultivars.

Methods and results

This study evaluated the genetic diversity among 56 soybean genotypes comprising 42 advanced breeding lines and 14 varieties released in Ghana and Nigeria using 21 simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers. A total of 718 alleles with an average of 33.48 alleles per locus were identified. Polymorphic information content values ranged from 0.401 to 0.592, averaging 0.544, while anticipated heterozygosity varied from 0.517 to 0.666 per marker. Cluster analysis revealed two main clusters, with Cluster 1 containing only one genotype (SARIEXP19), while the rest were in Cluster 2. Three major groupings (I, II, III) were revealed by the principal coordinate analysis (PCoA), with Group I consisting of only advanced breeding lines. The study demonstrated a moderate level of genetic diversity among the soybean genotypes, suggesting the potential for further improvement. The PCoA results indicated that the advanced breeding lines were genetically diverse from the released varieties and could be released later to reduce genetic vulnerability.

Conclusion

The study’s outcomes provide information to serve as a foundation for conserving genetic resources, selecting parental breeding lines, and developing soybean varieties suited to local environmental conditions in the subregion.