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Background <p>Baby corn has emerged as a profitable crop worldwide due to its increasing consumer preference and diverse end-usage.</p> Methods and results <p>We developed a set of 33 male sterile genotypes using three cytoplasmic sources (CMS-T, -C, and -S) from 11 diverse maize inbreds and evaluated them for anther exertion and pollen fertility in four different environments, including their respective original inbreds with normal cytoplasm (-N). Furthermore, molecular characterization of these inbreds using 62 mtSSRs developed using the mitochondrial genome sequence identified 14 polymorphic markers, of which six mtSSRs could differentiate all three types of male sterile cytoplasm. One of the mtSSRs, MGU-Mt189, clearly distinguished all four cytoplasms (-T, -C, -S, and -N) with a greater potential to differentiate inbreds according to the type of male-sterile cytoplasm. The polymorphic mtSSRs generated 36 alleles with a mean of 2.57 alleles per locus. Polymorphism information content ranged from 0.30 to 0.70 with a mean of 0.45, while Jaccard’s dissimilarity coefficients varied from 0.00 to 0.96 with a mean of 0.63. Cluster analysis grouped 44 inbreds into four major clusters, each having 11 inbreds according to cytoplasm types. Additionally, the field evaluation of these genotypes for stable expression of male sterility revealed that all the T-cytoplasm-based inbreds revealed no anther exertion and were completely sterile except in one inbred, PMI150-T. CMS-C cytoplasm-based inbreds showed no to partial anther exertion, and pollens were completely sterile to partially fertile. Partial to complete anther exertion and pollen fertility were observed in S-cytoplasm-based inbreds, which were unstable.</p> Conclusions <p>This is the first report on the molecular characterization of different male sterility systems of maize using novel mitochondria-specific SSR markers and identification of a stable male-sterile system for its utilization in breeding for male sterile baby corn.</p>

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Molecular characterization of T-, C- and S- specific cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) maize inbreds using mitochondrial SSRs for its utilization in baby corn breeding

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月30日

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  • Saikat Pal,
  • Rajkumar Uttamrao Zunjare,
  • Vignesh Muthusamy,
  • Munegowda Manoj Gowda,
  • Hriipulou Duo,
  • Rashmi Chhabra,
  • Ravindra Kumar Kasana,
  • Shalma Maman,
  • Ashvinkumar Katral,
  • Prolay Kumar Bhowmick,
  • Firoz Hossain

摘要

Background

Baby corn has emerged as a profitable crop worldwide due to its increasing consumer preference and diverse end-usage.

Methods and results

We developed a set of 33 male sterile genotypes using three cytoplasmic sources (CMS-T, -C, and -S) from 11 diverse maize inbreds and evaluated them for anther exertion and pollen fertility in four different environments, including their respective original inbreds with normal cytoplasm (-N). Furthermore, molecular characterization of these inbreds using 62 mtSSRs developed using the mitochondrial genome sequence identified 14 polymorphic markers, of which six mtSSRs could differentiate all three types of male sterile cytoplasm. One of the mtSSRs, MGU-Mt189, clearly distinguished all four cytoplasms (-T, -C, -S, and -N) with a greater potential to differentiate inbreds according to the type of male-sterile cytoplasm. The polymorphic mtSSRs generated 36 alleles with a mean of 2.57 alleles per locus. Polymorphism information content ranged from 0.30 to 0.70 with a mean of 0.45, while Jaccard’s dissimilarity coefficients varied from 0.00 to 0.96 with a mean of 0.63. Cluster analysis grouped 44 inbreds into four major clusters, each having 11 inbreds according to cytoplasm types. Additionally, the field evaluation of these genotypes for stable expression of male sterility revealed that all the T-cytoplasm-based inbreds revealed no anther exertion and were completely sterile except in one inbred, PMI150-T. CMS-C cytoplasm-based inbreds showed no to partial anther exertion, and pollens were completely sterile to partially fertile. Partial to complete anther exertion and pollen fertility were observed in S-cytoplasm-based inbreds, which were unstable.

Conclusions

This is the first report on the molecular characterization of different male sterility systems of maize using novel mitochondria-specific SSR markers and identification of a stable male-sterile system for its utilization in breeding for male sterile baby corn.