Targeting hypoxia-related pathobiology in Alzheimer’s disease: strategies for prevention and treatment
摘要
Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative condition characterised by cognitive decline and memory impairment. Recent research highlights the important role of hypoxia, a state of insufficient oxygen availability, in exacerbating AD pathogenesis.
Materials and Methods:Through the use of a number of different search engines like Scopus, PubMed, Bentham, and Elsevier databases, a literature review was carried out for investigating the role of hypoxia mediated pathobiology in AD. Only peerreviewed articles published in reputable journals in English language were included. Conversely, non-peer-reviewed articles, conference abstracts, and editorials were excluded, along with studies lacking experimental or clinical relevance or those unavailable in full text.
Conclusion:Hypoxia exacerbates core pathological features such as oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, amyloid-beta (Aβ) dysregulation, and hyperphosphorylation of tau protein. These interlinked mechanisms establish a self-perpetuating cycle of neuronal damage, accelerating disease progression. Addressing hypoxia as a modifiable risk factor offers potential for both prevention and treatment of AD. Exploring hypoxia and the HIF signalling pathway may help counteract the neuropathological and symptomatic effects of neurodegeneration.