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<p>Adoption of Climate smart agricultural (CSA) practices is crucial for attaining food security, reduction in Greenhouse gas emissions and enhancing farmers resilience to climate change. This study examines different aspects of agricultural sustainability by CSA practices into three bundles: water management, nutrients smart and soil management. Multivariate Probit model is employed using primary data from 325 farm households in Andhra Pradesh, India to analyse simultaneous adoption within the bundles. Information on 12 CSA practices along with farmers' socio-economic, behavioural attributes, institutional and informal institutional factors were collected for the analysis. The study finds a significant positive correlation among sprinkler &amp; drip irrigation, integrated nutrient management &amp; intercropping, zero tillage &amp; integrated nutrient management, indicating complementarity. Conversely, negative correlation between laser land levelling and sprinkler signify substitutability. Adoption of the CSA practices is affected by socio-economic, institutional, non-institutional, and behaviourial factors. The influence of determinants like gender, education, farming system, seed accessibility via Krishi Vigyan Kendra agricultural training, and farmers' perception of extension services are consistent across bundles. However, age, land size, credit access, and indigenous knowledge have varied impacts on Nutrient management. Furthermore, farmers' social category and registration at Krishi Vigyan Kendra are crucial for Water management. Behaviourial factors, farmers' perception of extension services, and natural hazard experience are critical determinants. Our findings suggest, the necessity of an integrated policy focus for the CSA practices that have, shared determinants and departmentalised specific intervention for other CSAs, recognising complementary and substitute relationships. Policymakers should also consider the nuances in CSA determinants for effective adoption.</p>

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Multiple adoption of CSA practices and their determinants: a bundle wise analysis in climate vulnerable regions of Andhra Pradesh, India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月2日

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  • Bhavani Prasad Thottadi,
  • S. P. Singh

摘要

Adoption of Climate smart agricultural (CSA) practices is crucial for attaining food security, reduction in Greenhouse gas emissions and enhancing farmers resilience to climate change. This study examines different aspects of agricultural sustainability by CSA practices into three bundles: water management, nutrients smart and soil management. Multivariate Probit model is employed using primary data from 325 farm households in Andhra Pradesh, India to analyse simultaneous adoption within the bundles. Information on 12 CSA practices along with farmers' socio-economic, behavioural attributes, institutional and informal institutional factors were collected for the analysis. The study finds a significant positive correlation among sprinkler & drip irrigation, integrated nutrient management & intercropping, zero tillage & integrated nutrient management, indicating complementarity. Conversely, negative correlation between laser land levelling and sprinkler signify substitutability. Adoption of the CSA practices is affected by socio-economic, institutional, non-institutional, and behaviourial factors. The influence of determinants like gender, education, farming system, seed accessibility via Krishi Vigyan Kendra agricultural training, and farmers' perception of extension services are consistent across bundles. However, age, land size, credit access, and indigenous knowledge have varied impacts on Nutrient management. Furthermore, farmers' social category and registration at Krishi Vigyan Kendra are crucial for Water management. Behaviourial factors, farmers' perception of extension services, and natural hazard experience are critical determinants. Our findings suggest, the necessity of an integrated policy focus for the CSA practices that have, shared determinants and departmentalised specific intervention for other CSAs, recognising complementary and substitute relationships. Policymakers should also consider the nuances in CSA determinants for effective adoption.