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<p>An overview of the application of optical tomography methods in the field of biological and physicochemical research is provided. The capabilities of the existing methods are described. However, the potential of optical tomography in studying cell biology has not yet been fully explored. At present, much attention is paid to studying blood cells, in particular erythrocytes, using optical tomography. A&#xa0;method for studying the redistribution of hemoglobin molecules in single native erythrocytes with a&#xa0;change in the osmolarity of the medium has been developed. The method is based on the principles of differential optical tomography and its modifications. This method allows obtaining information related to changes in morphological and physiological cell parameters in real time without using exogenous labels as a&#xa0;contrast for visualization. An original algorithm for processing differential tomography data has been proposed, involving the restoration of phase images of individual erythrocytes. As a&#xa0;result of data processing, 3D images of the refractive index variations over two hours of erythrocyte exposure in a&#xa0;hypoosmolar medium were obtained. Selected cell parameters were calculated, including morphology and dry protein mass, as well as their variations in the medium under conditions that are different from the normal physiological in vivo conditions. Changes in cell morphology and a&#xa0;decrease in dry mass have been demonstrated, and 3D maps of intracellular hemoglobin distribution were obtained. It was found that significant changes in the refractive index in the erythrocyte cytoplasm are observed in the near-membrane layer upon variation of the solution tonicity. This method can be used in applied research in the field of biology and medicine to assess the general physical properties of various cells, such as blood cells, bacteria, neurons, algae, cancer cells, etc., under normal or abnormal conditions.</p>

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Optical differential tomography method for measuring morphological and physiological parameters of erythrocytes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月1日

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  • A. N. Pavlov,
  • G. G. Levin,
  • A. A. Samoylenko,
  • G. V. Maksimov

摘要

An overview of the application of optical tomography methods in the field of biological and physicochemical research is provided. The capabilities of the existing methods are described. However, the potential of optical tomography in studying cell biology has not yet been fully explored. At present, much attention is paid to studying blood cells, in particular erythrocytes, using optical tomography. A method for studying the redistribution of hemoglobin molecules in single native erythrocytes with a change in the osmolarity of the medium has been developed. The method is based on the principles of differential optical tomography and its modifications. This method allows obtaining information related to changes in morphological and physiological cell parameters in real time without using exogenous labels as a contrast for visualization. An original algorithm for processing differential tomography data has been proposed, involving the restoration of phase images of individual erythrocytes. As a result of data processing, 3D images of the refractive index variations over two hours of erythrocyte exposure in a hypoosmolar medium were obtained. Selected cell parameters were calculated, including morphology and dry protein mass, as well as their variations in the medium under conditions that are different from the normal physiological in vivo conditions. Changes in cell morphology and a decrease in dry mass have been demonstrated, and 3D maps of intracellular hemoglobin distribution were obtained. It was found that significant changes in the refractive index in the erythrocyte cytoplasm are observed in the near-membrane layer upon variation of the solution tonicity. This method can be used in applied research in the field of biology and medicine to assess the general physical properties of various cells, such as blood cells, bacteria, neurons, algae, cancer cells, etc., under normal or abnormal conditions.