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<p>The article considers the general requirements for quality control of precious metal products. An algorithm for developing a&#xa0;quality control system for silver coins is described, along with the specifics of its application in monitoring the chemical composition of coins containing 79.7 to 92.8 wt. % silver (balance—copper). An algorithm for decision-making based on the results of a&#xa0;two-parameter control has been developed, which includes mathematical models for calculating the control reliability indicators (the probabilities of Type&#xa0;I and Type&#xa0;II errors). Given the required reliability (with a&#xa0;Type&#xa0;I error probability of 0.1), the measurement errors for the mass contents of silver and copper have been calculated. The article describes the dependence of the Type&#xa0;I error probability on the mass content measurement error (standard deviation) with respect to the silver coin alloy components, which can be used to justify the requirements for the measurement accuracy indicators. Based on the criteria, such as “Analyzed elements,” “Measurement range,” and “Error,” it is proposed to use X‑ray fluorescence spectrometers in the control system. The described algorithm for developing the control system and its implementation in the chemical composition control of silver coins will be beneficial for professionals dealing with precious metals and jewelry in specialized institutions and organizations of the material processing industry, as well as banks, jewelry stores, and pawnshops.</p>

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A two-parameter control system for monitoring chemical composition of silver coins: selecting tools for measuring mass content of components

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月1日

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  • S. A. Mitrofanova,
  • I. V. Muravyeva

摘要

The article considers the general requirements for quality control of precious metal products. An algorithm for developing a quality control system for silver coins is described, along with the specifics of its application in monitoring the chemical composition of coins containing 79.7 to 92.8 wt. % silver (balance—copper). An algorithm for decision-making based on the results of a two-parameter control has been developed, which includes mathematical models for calculating the control reliability indicators (the probabilities of Type I and Type II errors). Given the required reliability (with a Type I error probability of 0.1), the measurement errors for the mass contents of silver and copper have been calculated. The article describes the dependence of the Type I error probability on the mass content measurement error (standard deviation) with respect to the silver coin alloy components, which can be used to justify the requirements for the measurement accuracy indicators. Based on the criteria, such as “Analyzed elements,” “Measurement range,” and “Error,” it is proposed to use X‑ray fluorescence spectrometers in the control system. The described algorithm for developing the control system and its implementation in the chemical composition control of silver coins will be beneficial for professionals dealing with precious metals and jewelry in specialized institutions and organizations of the material processing industry, as well as banks, jewelry stores, and pawnshops.