<p>Stroke is a neurological condition caused by an acute focal injury to the central nervous system, typically resulting from vascular events such as cerebral infarction, intracerebral hemorrhage, or subarachnoid hemorrhage. It is associated with high rates of incidence, disability, recurrence, and mortality. To reduce stroke-related mortality, researchers worldwide have developed various in vitro and in vivo models to study molecular mechanisms at different levels, including genes, microRNAs, and proteins, to identify biomarkers for improved diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Metabolomics, an emerging field derived from genomics and proteomics, plays a crucial role in understanding stroke pathophysiology. Changes in the metabolome can reflect the body’s physiological state following a stroke. Numerous studies have identified biomarkers that aid in stroke diagnosis and treatment by analyzing metabolic alterations in vivo or in vitro stroke models. This article reviews the causes, diagnosis, and treatment of stroke, the role of metabolomics in stroke research, and the clinical significance of some biomarkers discovered by metabolomics for clinical work.&#xa0;</p>