<p>Accurate three-dimensional geological models are critical for intelligent coal mining. We present a 2.5-dimensional coal seam modeling method leveraging thin-plate spline interpolation, integrating fault network geometries and kinematic constraints. This approach targets laterally continuous, vertically stratified units (e.g., coal seams). The theoretical foundation draws an analogy from digital elevation surface modeling techniques. It uses a two-dimensional interpolation method to reconstruct the geological interface by performing spatial interpolation of three-dimensional vertex coordinates (including elevation attributes) projected onto two-dimensional parametric grids. Each geological layer (including the coal seam) is obtained through two-dimensional interpolation of the corresponding layer's borehole data. The key steps include constraint grid construction, stratigraphic sequencing, thin-plate spline interpolation, kinematic adjustment, and volumetric model generation. Compared with conventional three-dimensional modeling approaches, our method directly interpolates grid vertices, avoiding isosurface extraction to reduce computational complexity and enhance efficiency. The method explicitly incorporates kinematic parameters that govern fault displacement, which are capable of processing diverse fault types, while supporting stratigraphic modeling with complex fault networks. Pre-fault restoration during interpolation, combined with tectonic evolution forward simulation, ensures structurally valid stratigraphic models.</p>