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<p>Thermal management in rotating machinery, solar energy systems, and porous-based heat devices requires advanced working fluids with superior heat transport capability. Thus, this paper presents a finite element model for the investigation of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of hybrid nanofluid, moreover transfer of heat across a spinning disk, described using the Tiwari–Das model. Two nanofluids have been considered: a common nanofluid (<i>Cu–H</i><sub><i>2</i></sub><i>O</i>) and a hybrid nanofluid (<i>Cu</i> + <i>Fe</i><sub><i>3</i></sub><i>O</i><sub><i>4</i></sub> + <i>H</i><sub><i>2</i></sub><i>O</i>), with effective thermophysical properties added to simulate improved heat transfer. Non-dimensional momentum and energy equations of governing are developed by adding buoyancy forces, nonlinear thermal radiation, a non-uniform heat source/sink, and Ohmic dissipation. The strongly nonlinear coupled system is addressed through the finite element method (FEM) that provides stability and accuracy in the representation of velocity and temperature distributions. Parametric analysis is conducted to study the influence of magnetic field intensity, buoyancy factor, volume fraction of nanoparticles, radiation parameter, and strength of heat source/sink. Key engineering results, such as skin friction coefficients and the Nusselt number, are determined. Results show that <i>Cu</i> + <i>Fe</i><sub><i>3</i></sub><i>O</i><sub><i>4</i></sub> + <i>H</i><sub><i>2</i></sub><i>O</i> hybrid nanofluid has higher thermal transportation compared with <i>Cu–H</i><sub><i>2</i></sub><i>O</i>, whereas nonlinear and buoyancy forces significantly modify the boundary layer structure. This paper illustrates the capability of FEM to simulate intricate nanofluid transport phenomena of rotating machinery and thermal energy systems.</p>

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Thermal propagation in hybrid magneto-nanofluid flow over a permeable spinning disk with nonlinear radiation and heat source: finite element perspective

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月29日

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  • N. Janaki Phani Madhuri,
  • MD. Shamshuddin,
  • S. O. Salawu

摘要

Thermal management in rotating machinery, solar energy systems, and porous-based heat devices requires advanced working fluids with superior heat transport capability. Thus, this paper presents a finite element model for the investigation of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of hybrid nanofluid, moreover transfer of heat across a spinning disk, described using the Tiwari–Das model. Two nanofluids have been considered: a common nanofluid (Cu–H2O) and a hybrid nanofluid (Cu + Fe3O4 + H2O), with effective thermophysical properties added to simulate improved heat transfer. Non-dimensional momentum and energy equations of governing are developed by adding buoyancy forces, nonlinear thermal radiation, a non-uniform heat source/sink, and Ohmic dissipation. The strongly nonlinear coupled system is addressed through the finite element method (FEM) that provides stability and accuracy in the representation of velocity and temperature distributions. Parametric analysis is conducted to study the influence of magnetic field intensity, buoyancy factor, volume fraction of nanoparticles, radiation parameter, and strength of heat source/sink. Key engineering results, such as skin friction coefficients and the Nusselt number, are determined. Results show that Cu + Fe3O4 + H2O hybrid nanofluid has higher thermal transportation compared with Cu–H2O, whereas nonlinear and buoyancy forces significantly modify the boundary layer structure. This paper illustrates the capability of FEM to simulate intricate nanofluid transport phenomena of rotating machinery and thermal energy systems.