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<p>To explore the coupling effect of the bidirectional bistable nonlinear energy sink (BBNES), this study examines the dynamics of both BBNES and dual bistable nonlinear energy sinks (BNESs), with their application in monopile offshore wind turbines (OWTs). The research methodology involves: (1) establishing physical models of both absorbers with corresponding force and potential energy analyses; (2) developing separate dynamic analysis models for host structure (HS)-mounted and nacelle-mounted absorber configurations; (3) comparing harmonic forced vibration responses between the BBNES and dual BNESs installed on the HS to preliminarily reveal the BBNES’s coupling effect. This study culminates in evaluating both absorbers’ performance under wind-wave loads, paying attention to the emergency shutdown scenario characterized by significant tower vibrations. Under harmonic excitation, the BBNES demonstrates superior vibration mitigation with the strongly modulated response when excitations are equal in both directions, but shows complex coupling effects under asymmetric excitations. During emergency shutdown conditions with wind-wave loads, the BBNES matches the performance of the dual BNESs in the fore-aft direction but exhibits inferior side-to-side damping performance due to its bidirectional energy coupling and limited adaptability to amplitude variations. Notably, the BBNES reduces nacelle space requirements by 1.24&#xa0;m, and its performance is highly sensitive to slight changes in the proportionality factors but robust against variations in the mass ratio, frequency ratio, damping ratio, and pre-compressed spring’s original length. The research reveals that while the BBNES has greater application potential than the dual BNESs, its coupling effect suggests optimization opportunities through bidirectional decoupling as well as bidirectional stiffness and damping inequality designs. This work not only provides deep insights into the dynamics of the BBNES but also lays the foundation for its future optimization design.</p>

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Dynamics of bistable nonlinear energy sinks and their application in monopile offshore wind turbines

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月14日

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  • Jianwei Zhang,
  • Shiju E,
  • Cailiang Zhang

摘要

To explore the coupling effect of the bidirectional bistable nonlinear energy sink (BBNES), this study examines the dynamics of both BBNES and dual bistable nonlinear energy sinks (BNESs), with their application in monopile offshore wind turbines (OWTs). The research methodology involves: (1) establishing physical models of both absorbers with corresponding force and potential energy analyses; (2) developing separate dynamic analysis models for host structure (HS)-mounted and nacelle-mounted absorber configurations; (3) comparing harmonic forced vibration responses between the BBNES and dual BNESs installed on the HS to preliminarily reveal the BBNES’s coupling effect. This study culminates in evaluating both absorbers’ performance under wind-wave loads, paying attention to the emergency shutdown scenario characterized by significant tower vibrations. Under harmonic excitation, the BBNES demonstrates superior vibration mitigation with the strongly modulated response when excitations are equal in both directions, but shows complex coupling effects under asymmetric excitations. During emergency shutdown conditions with wind-wave loads, the BBNES matches the performance of the dual BNESs in the fore-aft direction but exhibits inferior side-to-side damping performance due to its bidirectional energy coupling and limited adaptability to amplitude variations. Notably, the BBNES reduces nacelle space requirements by 1.24 m, and its performance is highly sensitive to slight changes in the proportionality factors but robust against variations in the mass ratio, frequency ratio, damping ratio, and pre-compressed spring’s original length. The research reveals that while the BBNES has greater application potential than the dual BNESs, its coupling effect suggests optimization opportunities through bidirectional decoupling as well as bidirectional stiffness and damping inequality designs. This work not only provides deep insights into the dynamics of the BBNES but also lays the foundation for its future optimization design.