<p>Related to Shank’s notion of simplest cubic fields, the family of parametrised Diophantine equations, <Equation ID="Equ8"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10998_2025_625_Article_Equ8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="22" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="519" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} x^3 - (n-1) x^2 y - (n+2) xy^2 - 1 = \left( x - \lambda _0 y\right) \left( x-\lambda _1 y\right) \left( x - \lambda _2 y\right) = \pm 1, \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <msup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <msup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mi>y</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi>x</mi> <msup> <mi>y</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>=</mo> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mi>x</mi> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mi>y</mi> </mfenced> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mi>x</mi> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mi>y</mi> </mfenced> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mi>x</mi> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mi>y</mi> </mfenced> <mo>=</mo> <mo>±</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>was studied and solved effectively by Thomas and later solved completely by Mignotte. An open conjecture of Levesque and Waldschmidt [<CitationRef CitationID="CR4">4</CitationRef>] states that taking these parametrised Diophantine equations and twisting them not only once but twice, in the sense that we look at <Equation ID="Equ9"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10998_2025_625_Article_Equ9.gif" Format="GIF" Height="22" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="412" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} f_{n,s,t}(x,y) = \left( x - \lambda _0^s \lambda _1^t y \right) \left( x - \lambda _1^s\lambda _2^t y \right) \left( x - \lambda _2^s\lambda _0^t y \right) = \pm 1, \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>s</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>y</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mi>x</mi> <mo>-</mo> <msubsup> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>0</mn> <mi>s</mi> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mi>t</mi> </msubsup> <mi>y</mi> </mfenced> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mi>x</mi> <mo>-</mo> <msubsup> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mi>s</mi> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mi>t</mi> </msubsup> <mi>y</mi> </mfenced> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mi>x</mi> <mo>-</mo> <msubsup> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mi>s</mi> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>0</mn> <mi>t</mi> </msubsup> <mi>y</mi> </mfenced> <mo>=</mo> <mo>±</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>retains a result similar to what Thomas obtained in the original or Levesque and Waldschidt in the once-twisted (<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10998_2025_625_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="38" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(t = 0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>) case; namely, that non-trivial solutions can only appear in equations where the parameters are small. We confirm this conjecture, given that the absolute values of the exponents <i>s</i>,&#xa0;<i>t</i> are not too large compared to the base parameter <i>n</i>.</p>

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On a conjecture of Levesque and Waldschmidt II

  • Tobias Hilgart,
  • Volker Ziegler

摘要

Related to Shank’s notion of simplest cubic fields, the family of parametrised Diophantine equations, \(\begin{aligned} x^3 - (n-1) x^2 y - (n+2) xy^2 - 1 = \left( x - \lambda _0 y\right) \left( x-\lambda _1 y\right) \left( x - \lambda _2 y\right) = \pm 1, \end{aligned}\) x 3 - ( n - 1 ) x 2 y - ( n + 2 ) x y 2 - 1 = x - λ 0 y x - λ 1 y x - λ 2 y = ± 1 , was studied and solved effectively by Thomas and later solved completely by Mignotte. An open conjecture of Levesque and Waldschmidt [4] states that taking these parametrised Diophantine equations and twisting them not only once but twice, in the sense that we look at \(\begin{aligned} f_{n,s,t}(x,y) = \left( x - \lambda _0^s \lambda _1^t y \right) \left( x - \lambda _1^s\lambda _2^t y \right) \left( x - \lambda _2^s\lambda _0^t y \right) = \pm 1, \end{aligned}\) f n , s , t ( x , y ) = x - λ 0 s λ 1 t y x - λ 1 s λ 2 t y x - λ 2 s λ 0 t y = ± 1 , retains a result similar to what Thomas obtained in the original or Levesque and Waldschidt in the once-twisted ( \(t = 0\) t = 0 ) case; namely, that non-trivial solutions can only appear in equations where the parameters are small. We confirm this conjecture, given that the absolute values of the exponents st are not too large compared to the base parameter n.