Objectives <p>California has taken various actions with the goal of advancing maternal health equity. We analyze recent California laws and regulations using a novel conceptual model to understand whether and how they target expert-identified drivers of inequities in maternal health.</p> Methods <p>Using policy review and deductive thematic analysis, we evaluated whether recent state laws and regulations in California sought to directly intervene on healthcare-based drivers of racial inequities in maternal health as conceptualized by a CDC-convened expert workgroup.</p> Results <p>We identified 13 laws/regulations enacted between 2019-2023 that aimed to improve maternal health. All intervened on one or more healthcare-based drivers of inequities.&#xa0;Two (15%) targeted <i>Driver 1</i> – Problems in communication, stereotyping, and other interpersonal interactions, resulting from interpersonal racism, by e.g., requiring provider anti-bias training.&#xa0;One (8%) targeted <i>Driver 2</i> – Differential and/or suboptimal treatment for minoritized populations within healthcare settings (e.g., lower-quality care, inequitable burdens of hospital policies; resulting from institutional racism), by making reporting discrimination easier for patients.&#xa0;Twelve (92%) targeted <i>Driver 3</i> – Lack of resources and/or policies that could support the health and healthcare of minoritized populations, stemming from structural racism, by e.g., expanding access to midwifery and doula care or diversifying the maternal health workforce.</p> Discussion <p>California’s recent maternal health-focused laws/regulations have primarily targeted inadequate or inequitable structural resources <i>(Driver 3)</i>. Few directly intervened on <i>Drivers 1</i> or <i>2</i>. These findings provide a useful grounding for future policy research and reveal the advantages of assessing policies in terms of mechanism-focused intervention targets. Policy implications and potential levers are discussed.</p>