<p>In this paper, we study the <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10992_2025_9807_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="27" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Box \exists \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo>□</mo> <mo>∃</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-bundled fragment of first-order modal logic, in which quantifiers are only allowed to occur within “bundled operators” of the form <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10992_2025_9807_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="36" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Box \exists x\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo>□</mo> <mo>∃</mo> <mi>x</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. We characterize the expressivity of the fragment via the notion of <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10992_2025_9807_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="27" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Box \exists \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo>□</mo> <mo>∃</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-bisimulation, and offer complete axiomatizations of the fragment over 15 classes of constant-domain augmented frames in the modal cube, ranging from <i>K</i> to <i>S</i>5. In the axiomatizations, when characterizing certain frame properties, axioms involving the <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10992_2025_9807_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="27" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Box \exists \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo>□</mo> <mo>∃</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-operator, which do not appear in propositional modal logic, are also used. Hence, we also show that these <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10992_2025_9807_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="27" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Box \exists \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo>□</mo> <mo>∃</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-axioms are necessary for the completeness of the axiomatizations in question. Finally, we show under what frame conditions can we partly or completely eliminate the part of the axiomatization which characterizes the constant-domain property.</p>

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Boxing Some: Axiomatizations of the \(\Box \exists \)-Bundled Fragment of First-Order Modal Logic

  • Yuanzhe Yang

摘要

In this paper, we study the \(\Box \exists \) -bundled fragment of first-order modal logic, in which quantifiers are only allowed to occur within “bundled operators” of the form \(\Box \exists x\) x . We characterize the expressivity of the fragment via the notion of \(\Box \exists \) -bisimulation, and offer complete axiomatizations of the fragment over 15 classes of constant-domain augmented frames in the modal cube, ranging from K to S5. In the axiomatizations, when characterizing certain frame properties, axioms involving the \(\Box \exists \) -operator, which do not appear in propositional modal logic, are also used. Hence, we also show that these \(\Box \exists \) -axioms are necessary for the completeness of the axiomatizations in question. Finally, we show under what frame conditions can we partly or completely eliminate the part of the axiomatization which characterizes the constant-domain property.