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Background <p><i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>S. aureus</i>) and methicillin-resistant <i>S. aureus</i> (MRSA) are key pathogenic bacteria involved in several skin conditions, including atopic dermatitis (AD). AD is a chronic inflammatory disorder influenced by genetic, immunological, and environmental factors. <i>S. epidermidis</i> is a commensal bacterium that plays beneficial role in skin. In contrast to pathogenic bacteria, it aids in preserving skin homeostasis by regulating barrier integrity and immune responses. Current antimicrobial therapies for Staphylococcus infections lack specificity and adversely affect commensal skin bacteria, lead to microbiota imbalance and the development of antibiotic resistance.</p> Purpose <p>The goal of this study is to develop an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) with minimal toxicity against <i>S. epidermidis</i> and potent antibacterial activity against <i>S. aureus</i> and MRSA.</p> Methods <p>Caerin 1.1 AMP was modified using AntiBP3 and CAMP3, with its properties evaluated by PepCalc, PEP-FOLD4, ProtParam, and HeliQuest. The antimicrobial efficacy, capacity of biofilm inhibition, and effects on bacterial viability of new AMP were assessed by MIC, MBC, biofilm and viability, and SEM. The cellular cytotoxicity of the AMP was examined using human epidermal keratinocytes (HaCaT cells).</p> Results <p>The results showed that the AMP exhibited amphiphilic and alpha-helical properties, with antibacterial, antibiofilm and non-cytotoxic effects in in vitro assays.</p> Conclusion <p>The proposed AMP displayed strong antibacterial and antibiofilm activity against <i>S. aureus</i> and MRSA, while exhibiting reduced level of antimicrobial activity against <i>S. epidermidis</i>. This novel AMP can be considered a promising candidate for an antibacterial topical therapy for skin infections in individuals with AD.</p>

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A Potential Novel Antimicrobial Peptide for Staphylococcus Infection in Skin

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月4日

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  • Gizem İmrak,
  • Doga Oztabak,
  • Eylem Boyuk,
  • Busra Kilic,
  • Cagatay Karaaslan

摘要

Background

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) are key pathogenic bacteria involved in several skin conditions, including atopic dermatitis (AD). AD is a chronic inflammatory disorder influenced by genetic, immunological, and environmental factors. S. epidermidis is a commensal bacterium that plays beneficial role in skin. In contrast to pathogenic bacteria, it aids in preserving skin homeostasis by regulating barrier integrity and immune responses. Current antimicrobial therapies for Staphylococcus infections lack specificity and adversely affect commensal skin bacteria, lead to microbiota imbalance and the development of antibiotic resistance.

Purpose

The goal of this study is to develop an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) with minimal toxicity against S. epidermidis and potent antibacterial activity against S. aureus and MRSA.

Methods

Caerin 1.1 AMP was modified using AntiBP3 and CAMP3, with its properties evaluated by PepCalc, PEP-FOLD4, ProtParam, and HeliQuest. The antimicrobial efficacy, capacity of biofilm inhibition, and effects on bacterial viability of new AMP were assessed by MIC, MBC, biofilm and viability, and SEM. The cellular cytotoxicity of the AMP was examined using human epidermal keratinocytes (HaCaT cells).

Results

The results showed that the AMP exhibited amphiphilic and alpha-helical properties, with antibacterial, antibiofilm and non-cytotoxic effects in in vitro assays.

Conclusion

The proposed AMP displayed strong antibacterial and antibiofilm activity against S. aureus and MRSA, while exhibiting reduced level of antimicrobial activity against S. epidermidis. This novel AMP can be considered a promising candidate for an antibacterial topical therapy for skin infections in individuals with AD.