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Background <p>The escalating environmental concerns associated with petroleum-based plastics necessitate the exploration of sustainable alternatives. Bioplastics derived from agricultural byproducts, specifically camel milk, offer a promising solution due to their rich content of bioactive peptides like lactoferrin and lysozyme.</p> Results <p>These peptides confer natural antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and hypoallergenic properties, making them ideal for food packaging and biomedical applications. Incorporating camel milk peptides enhances bioplastic antimicrobial efficacy, biocompatibility, and environmental safety. Further improvements can be achieved by integrating natural additives such as microalgae and plant-based sugars. Production methods include microbial fermentation, enzymatic processes, and chemical modifications. Challenges like raw material availability, scalability, and regulatory compliance must be addressed. Recent studies report that camel milk-derived bioplastics exhibit tensile strengths ranging from 10 to 30&#xa0;MPa and achieve 80–95% degradation within 90&#xa0;days. These peptides also demonstrate significant microbial growth inhibition, with reductions of up to 85% in food packaging systems.</p> Conclusion <p>These findings affirm the potential of camel milk bioactive peptides to advance antimicrobial and environmentally friendly bioplastics, as well as peptide-based therapeutic materials.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Camel Milk Byproduct Peptides as Green Antimicrobial Agents in Biodegradable Packaging Materials: A Comprehensive Review

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月11日

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  • Masoud Vazirzadeh,
  • Sepideh Khodaparast,
  • Ahmad Tavakoli

摘要

Background

The escalating environmental concerns associated with petroleum-based plastics necessitate the exploration of sustainable alternatives. Bioplastics derived from agricultural byproducts, specifically camel milk, offer a promising solution due to their rich content of bioactive peptides like lactoferrin and lysozyme.

Results

These peptides confer natural antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and hypoallergenic properties, making them ideal for food packaging and biomedical applications. Incorporating camel milk peptides enhances bioplastic antimicrobial efficacy, biocompatibility, and environmental safety. Further improvements can be achieved by integrating natural additives such as microalgae and plant-based sugars. Production methods include microbial fermentation, enzymatic processes, and chemical modifications. Challenges like raw material availability, scalability, and regulatory compliance must be addressed. Recent studies report that camel milk-derived bioplastics exhibit tensile strengths ranging from 10 to 30 MPa and achieve 80–95% degradation within 90 days. These peptides also demonstrate significant microbial growth inhibition, with reductions of up to 85% in food packaging systems.

Conclusion

These findings affirm the potential of camel milk bioactive peptides to advance antimicrobial and environmentally friendly bioplastics, as well as peptide-based therapeutic materials.

Graphical Abstract