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<p>Automobile cooling systems must be more effective in terms of thermal performance to support&#xa0;the increasing needs&#xa0;of contemporary cars. This paper explores the use of SiO<sub>2</sub>-MWCNT/water&#xa0;hybrid nanofluids as coolants in a louvered fin flat tube radiator through experimental and numerical analysis. The hybrid nanofluids were prepared by adding&#xa0;SiO<sub>2</sub> and MWCNT nanoparticles to distilled water at a constant concentration level of 0.1% volume, and three mixing ratios of the nanoparticles (80:20, 50:50, and 20:80) were&#xa0; investigated. The critical thermal performance parameters such as the rate of heat transfer, the total heat transfer coefficient, and the Nusselt number were analyzed and compared with distilled water under the same operating conditions. The experimental findings indicated that each of the hybrid nanofluids performed better than distilled water, with the SiO<sub>2</sub>-MWCNT (20:80) hybrid nanofluid experiencing&#xa0;a significant increase of about 24% in heat transfer rate, 24% in overall heat transfer coefficient, and a 15.63% increase in Nusselt number. The measured numerical values indicated a steady trend and verified enhanced cooling properties with hybrid nanofluids, especially at a higher MWCNT concentration. The findings indicate that the SiO<sub>2</sub>-MWCNT/water hybrid nanofluids could be efficiently used to improve the thermal performance of the louvered flat tube automobile radiators and that&#xa0;the&#xa0;mixing ratio of nanoparticles is a significant factor in defining the extent to which thermal performance is increased.</p>

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Heat transfer augmentation in louvered fin flat tube radiator using hybrid nanofluids: a numerical and experimental study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月1日

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  • Muhammad Zubair Farrukh,
  • Muhammad Arslan,
  • Ahmed Usman Yasir,
  • Bukht Ali

摘要

Automobile cooling systems must be more effective in terms of thermal performance to support the increasing needs of contemporary cars. This paper explores the use of SiO2-MWCNT/water hybrid nanofluids as coolants in a louvered fin flat tube radiator through experimental and numerical analysis. The hybrid nanofluids were prepared by adding SiO2 and MWCNT nanoparticles to distilled water at a constant concentration level of 0.1% volume, and three mixing ratios of the nanoparticles (80:20, 50:50, and 20:80) were  investigated. The critical thermal performance parameters such as the rate of heat transfer, the total heat transfer coefficient, and the Nusselt number were analyzed and compared with distilled water under the same operating conditions. The experimental findings indicated that each of the hybrid nanofluids performed better than distilled water, with the SiO2-MWCNT (20:80) hybrid nanofluid experiencing a significant increase of about 24% in heat transfer rate, 24% in overall heat transfer coefficient, and a 15.63% increase in Nusselt number. The measured numerical values indicated a steady trend and verified enhanced cooling properties with hybrid nanofluids, especially at a higher MWCNT concentration. The findings indicate that the SiO2-MWCNT/water hybrid nanofluids could be efficiently used to improve the thermal performance of the louvered flat tube automobile radiators and that the mixing ratio of nanoparticles is a significant factor in defining the extent to which thermal performance is increased.