This study experimentally investigates a flag-shaped piezoelectric wind energy harvester composed of an aluminum substrate with piezoelectric elements and a polyester fabric. Experimental investigations were conducted to assess its performance under different environmental parameters such as wind speed, wind direction, pitch angle of attack, and moisture ratio. Changing the wind direction from along-wind (<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$0^\circ $</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mn>0</mn> <mo>∘</mo> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>) to cross-wind (<InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$90^\circ $</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mn>90</mn> <mo>∘</mo> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>) increases output power by 280% at a wind speed of 5 m s−1. Varying the pitch angle of attack doubles the power at <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$-45^\circ $</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <msup> <mn>45</mn> <mo>∘</mo> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and reduces it by 50% at <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$+45^\circ $</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mn>45</mn> <mo>∘</mo> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. There is a threshold beyond which increasing wind speed does not appreciably increase drying rates, even though higher wind speeds initially aid in faster moisture evaporation. Moisture in the fabric raises power density by more than 200% at 8 m s−1 from 4.13 to 12.32 <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\hbox {mW cm}^{-3}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mtext>mW</mtext> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <msup> <mtext>cm</mtext> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>). These results demonstrate the influence of environmental conditions on the performance of wind energy harvesters in realistic settings.

Experimental study of environmental effects on flag-like piezoelectric wind energy harvesters

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发表日期：

2026年8月5日

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Hussain Altammar,
Fatih Selimefendigil

摘要

This study experimentally investigates a flag-shaped piezoelectric wind energy harvester composed of an aluminum substrate with piezoelectric elements and a polyester fabric. Experimental investigations were conducted to assess its performance under different environmental parameters such as wind speed, wind direction, pitch angle of attack, and moisture ratio. Changing the wind direction from along-wind ( $0^\circ $ $0^{\circ}$ ) to cross-wind ( $90^\circ $ $90^{\circ}$ ) increases output power by 280% at a wind speed of 5 m s⁻¹. Varying the pitch angle of attack doubles the power at $-45^\circ $ $- 45^{\circ}$ and reduces it by 50% at $+45^\circ $ $+ 45^{\circ}$ . There is a threshold beyond which increasing wind speed does not appreciably increase drying rates, even though higher wind speeds initially aid in faster moisture evaporation. Moisture in the fabric raises power density by more than 200% at 8 m s⁻¹ from 4.13 to 12.32 $\hbox {mW cm}^{-3}$ $mW {cm}^{- 3}$ ). These results demonstrate the influence of environmental conditions on the performance of wind energy harvesters in realistic settings.