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<p>Flat plate solar collectors (FPC) are widely used for domestic and industrial heating applications due to their simple design, environmental friendliness, cost-effectiveness, and ability to bridge the gap between renewable solar energy and real-world applications. However, under conditions of high solar irradiance, the collector may reach stagnation temperatures, leading to material degradation, inefficiencies caused by overheating, localized hot spots, and limited heat dissipation, which collectively reduce overall performance. Integrating advanced cooling techniques like film cooling and hybrid nanofluids can address these drawbacks and significantly enhance thermal efficiency. In this study, the FPC was experimentally studied by integrating 50:50 ratios of alumina (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) and copper (Cu) hybrid nanofluid (3vol%) and film cooling was applied with nozzles positioned at angles of 20°, 25°, and 30° to assess its impact on thermal performance. The performance parameters, such as outlet&#xa0;temperature, surface temperature reduction, temperature uniformity, heat transfer coefficient, and collector efficiency, were studied. The resulting 30° angle film cooling with hybrid Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Cu nanofluid shows better performance compared to water without film cooling. The maximal outlet&#xa0;temperature, surface temperature reduction, temperature uniformity, heat transfer coefficient, and collector efficiency are about 86.4&#xa0;°C, 46.2&#xa0;°C, 0.815, 328.5 Wm<sup>−2</sup>&#xa0;K<sup>−1</sup>, and 64.7%, respectively. The integration of hybrid Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Cu nanofluid and 30° film cooling significantly improved the thermal performance. It demonstrated superior results in temperature regulation, heat transfer, and overall efficiency compared to water without film cooling.</p>

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Enrichment of thermal performance of solar thermal collector by using shallow angle of film cooling technology

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月18日

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  • A. Mohana Krishnan,
  • N. Nagabhooshanam,
  • Rintu Kumar,
  • Jayant Jagtap,
  • S. Sunitha,
  • B. E. V. L. Naidu,
  • Ramya Maranan,
  • M. Murali,
  • S. Sathiyamurthy

摘要

Flat plate solar collectors (FPC) are widely used for domestic and industrial heating applications due to their simple design, environmental friendliness, cost-effectiveness, and ability to bridge the gap between renewable solar energy and real-world applications. However, under conditions of high solar irradiance, the collector may reach stagnation temperatures, leading to material degradation, inefficiencies caused by overheating, localized hot spots, and limited heat dissipation, which collectively reduce overall performance. Integrating advanced cooling techniques like film cooling and hybrid nanofluids can address these drawbacks and significantly enhance thermal efficiency. In this study, the FPC was experimentally studied by integrating 50:50 ratios of alumina (Al2O3) and copper (Cu) hybrid nanofluid (3vol%) and film cooling was applied with nozzles positioned at angles of 20°, 25°, and 30° to assess its impact on thermal performance. The performance parameters, such as outlet temperature, surface temperature reduction, temperature uniformity, heat transfer coefficient, and collector efficiency, were studied. The resulting 30° angle film cooling with hybrid Al2O3/Cu nanofluid shows better performance compared to water without film cooling. The maximal outlet temperature, surface temperature reduction, temperature uniformity, heat transfer coefficient, and collector efficiency are about 86.4 °C, 46.2 °C, 0.815, 328.5 Wm−2 K−1, and 64.7%, respectively. The integration of hybrid Al2O3/Cu nanofluid and 30° film cooling significantly improved the thermal performance. It demonstrated superior results in temperature regulation, heat transfer, and overall efficiency compared to water without film cooling.