Enhancing thermal conductivity in deep eutectic solvents (DESs) through nanoparticle integration for advanced heat transfer applications
摘要
Nanoparticle‐enhanced deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have recently attracted attention as promising alternatives to conventional heat transfer fluids due to their tunable properties and low environmental impact. In this study, we integrate computational fluid dynamics (CFD), molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and an advanced analytical model to investigate the thermal behavior of nanoparticle‐enhanced DESs, with specific focus on a choline chloride-glycerol (ChCl: Gly) system. Our research employs graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs), alumina (Al2O3), and copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles for comparative analysis. The results reveal a nonlinear threshold effect in which the effective thermal conductivity peaks at a critical nanoparticle volume fraction of approximately 0.06–0.07, after which performance gains diminish due to dynamic clustering. We demonstrate that graphene nanoplatelets yield the highest thermal conductivity enhancement of approximately 27% at volume fraction φ = 0.05, outperforming Al2O3 and CuO nanoparticles. The type and dispersion quality of nanoparticles—particularly graphene nanoplatelets—play pivotal roles in enhancing thermal transport. The refined model, which incorporates a time-dependent beta correction factor β(t) = β0 + Δβ sin(ωt), offers improved accuracy over traditional static approaches and shows strong agreement with both literature data and our simulated benchmarks. Grid-independent meshing studies confirmed solution convergence. This comprehensive framework paves the way for next‐generation thermal management systems, highlighting the importance of carefully balancing nanoparticle concentration, interaction effects, and DES composition for optimal heat transfer performance.