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<p>Practical implications arise when Fourier’s law is insufficient and Cattaneo-Christov theory offers a solid basis for simulating transporting heat. In complex thermal processes where thermal and solutal memory effects are of a significant order of magnitude, the Cattaneo-Christov theory provides insights and overcomes important limits. It is an essential approach for studying advanced thermal systems. This paper examines the simultaneous enhancement of non-Fickian mass transfer and non-Fourier heat transport in viscoplastic fluid (Bingham-Papanastasiou fluid) containing hybrid nanoparticles. The mathematical problems describing generalized heat and mass transfer are developed using the rheological model and governing conservation principles. The finite element method (FEM) is used to solve the designed problems numerically. The precision of the numerical solutions is checked, and their grid independence is further examined. The trends in wall heat enhancement fluxes are analyzed using a comprehensive display. Novel predictions are perceived, and the wall shear stresses, the Nusselt number, and the Sherwood number against important factors are studied against related parameters because these quantities are essential to develop and design effective thermal systems. The chemical reactions (generative and destructive) have a remarkable impact on wall mass transport rate. The wall mass transfer rate increases with the rise of destructive chemical reactions. However, opposite observations are recorded for generative chemical reactions. It is concluded that the use of multi-component nanofluids (tri- and di-nanofluids) considerably increases the Nusselt number in comparison to mono-nanofluids, while the thermal memory effect somewhat lowers the temperature of the fluid, and eventually, the Nusselt number increases. Thus, for an optimum heat transfer rate, the Bingham fluids with thermal memory effects are recommended. The wall mass transport (Sherwood number) increases due to an increase in the concentration relaxation time parameter. Thus, the Bingham fluid with thermal memory effects has more capability of transporting solute than the Bingham fluid with zero thermal memory effects. Hence, it is concluded that the Bingham fluid with higher thermal memory effects is an efficient working fluid for efficient.</p>

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Computational study on Cattaneo-Christov convection–diffusion of heat and mass in multi-nano-Bingham-Papanastasiou fluid: thermal energy and solutal transport analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月11日

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  • M. Nawaz,
  • Abdelatif Salmi

摘要

Practical implications arise when Fourier’s law is insufficient and Cattaneo-Christov theory offers a solid basis for simulating transporting heat. In complex thermal processes where thermal and solutal memory effects are of a significant order of magnitude, the Cattaneo-Christov theory provides insights and overcomes important limits. It is an essential approach for studying advanced thermal systems. This paper examines the simultaneous enhancement of non-Fickian mass transfer and non-Fourier heat transport in viscoplastic fluid (Bingham-Papanastasiou fluid) containing hybrid nanoparticles. The mathematical problems describing generalized heat and mass transfer are developed using the rheological model and governing conservation principles. The finite element method (FEM) is used to solve the designed problems numerically. The precision of the numerical solutions is checked, and their grid independence is further examined. The trends in wall heat enhancement fluxes are analyzed using a comprehensive display. Novel predictions are perceived, and the wall shear stresses, the Nusselt number, and the Sherwood number against important factors are studied against related parameters because these quantities are essential to develop and design effective thermal systems. The chemical reactions (generative and destructive) have a remarkable impact on wall mass transport rate. The wall mass transfer rate increases with the rise of destructive chemical reactions. However, opposite observations are recorded for generative chemical reactions. It is concluded that the use of multi-component nanofluids (tri- and di-nanofluids) considerably increases the Nusselt number in comparison to mono-nanofluids, while the thermal memory effect somewhat lowers the temperature of the fluid, and eventually, the Nusselt number increases. Thus, for an optimum heat transfer rate, the Bingham fluids with thermal memory effects are recommended. The wall mass transport (Sherwood number) increases due to an increase in the concentration relaxation time parameter. Thus, the Bingham fluid with thermal memory effects has more capability of transporting solute than the Bingham fluid with zero thermal memory effects. Hence, it is concluded that the Bingham fluid with higher thermal memory effects is an efficient working fluid for efficient.