<p>As industrial technologies advance, the demand for enhanced cooling performance in metal heat treatment becomes increasingly stringent. This study evaluates the cooling capacity of atmospheric-pressure high-speed aerosol quenching using a specialized setup in which high-speed nitrogen atomizes water. A three-factor factorial design and a 2² factorial analysis were conducted to quantify the effects of water flow rate, nitrogen pressure, and spray standoff distance on cooling time. The results indicate that water flow rate is the dominant factor, while nitrogen pressure and jetting distance play secondary roles, and the interaction between water flow rate and nitrogen pressure is statistically significant. These findings provide a practical framework for parameter optimization and support the development of controllable and potentially cleaner alternatives to conventional immersion quenching.</p>