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<p>In this study, barium ferrite (BaFeO<sub>3−x</sub>) nanoparticles were synthesized using the co-precipitation method. The impact of calcination temperatures at 800&#xa0;°C, 900&#xa0;°C, and 1000&#xa0;°C on the prepared compound was investigated. Structural properties were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), spectral characteristics were examined with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), morphological features were observed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and optical properties were assessed using ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy. The XRD results revealed that the synthesized compounds possessed a hexagonal structure, with an increase in average grain size (31.68, 33.99, and 36.14&#xa0;nm, respectively) as the temperature rose. FTIR analysis confirmed the formation of oxides. SEM images demonstrated surface morphological changes, indicating nanoparticle agglomeration at higher temperatures. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) confirmed the presence of only iron (Fe), barium (Ba), and oxygen (O) elements without any impurities. Furthermore, UV–Vis spectroscopy results showed that the energy band gap of the samples decreased from 1.89&#xa0;eV at 800&#xa0;°C to 1.56&#xa0;eV at 100&#xa0;°C. These findings suggested potential future applications for the synthesized compounds in areas such as electronic devices, and energy storage systems due to their tunable optical properties and structural stability.</p>

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Investigating the effect of thermal treatment on BaFeO3−x nanoparticles: structural, morphological, and optical insights for optoelectronics applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月5日

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  • Muhammad Hadi

摘要

In this study, barium ferrite (BaFeO3−x) nanoparticles were synthesized using the co-precipitation method. The impact of calcination temperatures at 800 °C, 900 °C, and 1000 °C on the prepared compound was investigated. Structural properties were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), spectral characteristics were examined with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), morphological features were observed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and optical properties were assessed using ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy. The XRD results revealed that the synthesized compounds possessed a hexagonal structure, with an increase in average grain size (31.68, 33.99, and 36.14 nm, respectively) as the temperature rose. FTIR analysis confirmed the formation of oxides. SEM images demonstrated surface morphological changes, indicating nanoparticle agglomeration at higher temperatures. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) confirmed the presence of only iron (Fe), barium (Ba), and oxygen (O) elements without any impurities. Furthermore, UV–Vis spectroscopy results showed that the energy band gap of the samples decreased from 1.89 eV at 800 °C to 1.56 eV at 100 °C. These findings suggested potential future applications for the synthesized compounds in areas such as electronic devices, and energy storage systems due to their tunable optical properties and structural stability.