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<p>A computational simulation has been worked out to analyze the flow dynamics and thermal behavior inside a hexagonal enclosure filled with magnetized buoyancy-driven hybrid nanoparticle (MgO-Ag) dispersed in water. The enclosure features thermal boundary conditions such that the lower border is heated, the upper surface is cooled, and the remaining inclined surfaces are adiabatic. Further, the hexagonal chamber contains non-uniformly heated parallel rectangular fins of same size. Two cases are extensively studied. Case I is considered when the partially heated rectangular fins are placed vertically and Case II is held for partially heated rectangular fins placed horizontally within the hexagonal cavity. Rate of heat transport is more in Case II (when fins are placed horizontally) as compared to Case I (when fins are placed vertically). Simulations are done using robust COMSOL Multiphysics software and the validation of the numerical model has been performed against existing standard study to set the accuracy of the calculated outcomes. The influence of Hartmann number (Ha), Rayleigh number (Ra) and fraction of hybrid nanoparticles (<i>ϕ</i>) on streamline patterns, isotherms, Nusselt number, entropy generation and Bejan number is discussed in detail. The ranges of parameters considered for the investigation are 10<sup>3</sup> ≤ Ra ≤ 10<sup>6</sup>, 0 ≤ Ha ≤ 100, 0.00 ≤ <i>ϕ</i> ≤ 0.04. The investigation reveals that enhancing the Rayleigh number intensifies entropy close to the heated bottom wall and around the partially heated inner plates, whereas the Bejan number weakens in those regions which indicates a swing toward higher irreversibility. The inclusion of MgO-Ag hybrid nanoparticles significantly enhances thermal transport and improving mixing which results in improved thermal performance. Case I is more efficient for thermal stratification while Case II is preferable for uniform wall cooling even with localized heating and entropy. The findings have implications for the creation and optimization of thermal systems including heat exchangers, electronics and solar thermal systems.</p>

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Thermal performance and irreversibility analysis in hexagonal chamber filled with MgO-Ag/H2O hybrid nanomaterial: vertical vs. horizontal finned configurations

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月28日

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  • Amit Kumar,
  • Atul K. Ray,
  • Priyabrata Sethy,
  • Abha Kumar,
  • Priti Chaudhary,
  • Mikhail A. Sheremet

摘要

A computational simulation has been worked out to analyze the flow dynamics and thermal behavior inside a hexagonal enclosure filled with magnetized buoyancy-driven hybrid nanoparticle (MgO-Ag) dispersed in water. The enclosure features thermal boundary conditions such that the lower border is heated, the upper surface is cooled, and the remaining inclined surfaces are adiabatic. Further, the hexagonal chamber contains non-uniformly heated parallel rectangular fins of same size. Two cases are extensively studied. Case I is considered when the partially heated rectangular fins are placed vertically and Case II is held for partially heated rectangular fins placed horizontally within the hexagonal cavity. Rate of heat transport is more in Case II (when fins are placed horizontally) as compared to Case I (when fins are placed vertically). Simulations are done using robust COMSOL Multiphysics software and the validation of the numerical model has been performed against existing standard study to set the accuracy of the calculated outcomes. The influence of Hartmann number (Ha), Rayleigh number (Ra) and fraction of hybrid nanoparticles (ϕ) on streamline patterns, isotherms, Nusselt number, entropy generation and Bejan number is discussed in detail. The ranges of parameters considered for the investigation are 103 ≤ Ra ≤ 106, 0 ≤ Ha ≤ 100, 0.00 ≤ ϕ ≤ 0.04. The investigation reveals that enhancing the Rayleigh number intensifies entropy close to the heated bottom wall and around the partially heated inner plates, whereas the Bejan number weakens in those regions which indicates a swing toward higher irreversibility. The inclusion of MgO-Ag hybrid nanoparticles significantly enhances thermal transport and improving mixing which results in improved thermal performance. Case I is more efficient for thermal stratification while Case II is preferable for uniform wall cooling even with localized heating and entropy. The findings have implications for the creation and optimization of thermal systems including heat exchangers, electronics and solar thermal systems.