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<p>Nanofluids obtained by the incorporation of nanoparticles into ternary carbonates be capable of enhancing the low heat transfer and the capacity for thermal storage as well as the poor fluidity of carbonate. In this study, 31.5 mass% Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>-31.5 mass% Li<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>-37 mass% K<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> was used as the ternary carbonate. Nanofluids were prepared utilize the high-temperature melting technique by dispersing nanoparticles of different particle sizes, concentrations, and types in carbonate solution. The thermophysical properties of nanofluids were measured employing X-ray diffractometer, viscosity analyzer, scanning electron microscopy, etc. The findings indicated that among the selected nanoparticles, SiO<sub>2</sub> containing 1.0 mass% magnitude of particles of 30&#xa0;nm was the most effective in enhancing the heat transfer, heat storage, and flow properties of the ternary carbonate. From the fitted curves, the incorporation of SiO<sub>2</sub> increased the solid state specific heat capacity with 6.25%, the liquid form by 6.0%. The liquid phase exhibited a 27.8% improvement of thermal conductivity, and the viscosity of nanofluids was below 10 cp with increasing temperature, and the viscosity was less than 3 cp at 500&#xa0;°C. After undergoing 100&#xa0;h of high-temperature insulation and 100 cycles of thermal shock with large temperature difference, nanofluids exhibited a melting temperature change of only 1.39% and 1.19%, demonstrating excellent initial stability. Subsequent testing will involve extended periods of high-temperature insulation and thermal shock cycles with large temperature differences to ensure this nanofluid truly meets practical application requirements.</p>

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Improvement of carbonate thermophysical properties by high-temperature melting: a fluid used for heat transfer in high-temperature CSP device

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月2日

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  • Shuai Mao,
  • Zhoujian An,
  • Xiaoze Du,
  • Yong Ding,
  • Dong Zhang,
  • Jian Fu

摘要

Nanofluids obtained by the incorporation of nanoparticles into ternary carbonates be capable of enhancing the low heat transfer and the capacity for thermal storage as well as the poor fluidity of carbonate. In this study, 31.5 mass% Na2CO3-31.5 mass% Li2CO3-37 mass% K2CO3 was used as the ternary carbonate. Nanofluids were prepared utilize the high-temperature melting technique by dispersing nanoparticles of different particle sizes, concentrations, and types in carbonate solution. The thermophysical properties of nanofluids were measured employing X-ray diffractometer, viscosity analyzer, scanning electron microscopy, etc. The findings indicated that among the selected nanoparticles, SiO2 containing 1.0 mass% magnitude of particles of 30 nm was the most effective in enhancing the heat transfer, heat storage, and flow properties of the ternary carbonate. From the fitted curves, the incorporation of SiO2 increased the solid state specific heat capacity with 6.25%, the liquid form by 6.0%. The liquid phase exhibited a 27.8% improvement of thermal conductivity, and the viscosity of nanofluids was below 10 cp with increasing temperature, and the viscosity was less than 3 cp at 500 °C. After undergoing 100 h of high-temperature insulation and 100 cycles of thermal shock with large temperature difference, nanofluids exhibited a melting temperature change of only 1.39% and 1.19%, demonstrating excellent initial stability. Subsequent testing will involve extended periods of high-temperature insulation and thermal shock cycles with large temperature differences to ensure this nanofluid truly meets practical application requirements.