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<p>Aluminum diethylphosphinate (ADP) exhibited excellent flame-retardant properties in polyamide 6 (PA6). However, the flame-retardant efficiency of ADP needed to be further improved for reducing costs and reducing damage to mechanical properties of PA6/ADP composites. Hence, three types of transition metal-modified ADP (TM-ADP) of Fe-ADP, Cu-ADP and Zn-ADP were synthesized to improve the flame-retardant efficiency of PA6 composites. Compared with PA6/12ADP, PA6/12Fe-ADP, PA6/10Cu-ADP and PA6/10 Zn-ADP passed UL-94&#xa0;V-0 rating. And the time to ignition (TTI) of PA6/10Fe-ADP, PA6/10Cu-ADP and PA6/10 Zn-ADP was extended from 36s for PA6/10ADP to 59, 83 and 43s. Compared with PA6/10ADP, the total heat release (THR) and total smoke production (TSP) of PA6/10TM-ADP were inhibited. In the gaseous phase, the hydrocarbons and carbonyl compounds were restrained through the free radical scavenging effect of phosphorus-containing radicals and the changes in degradation pathways by transition metal. In the condensed phase, the uniform, continuous and expanded residue with abundant P and N elements were formed by the catalytic carbonization process of phosphorus-containing derivatives and transition metal. Besides, the tensile and flexural strengths of PA6/TM-ADP were increased compared with PA6/ADP. Compared with PA6/10ADP, the tensile strengths of PA6/10Fe-ADP, PA6/10Cu-ADP and PA6/10 Zn-ADP were increased by 19.0%, 19.2% and 7.4%. Correspondingly, flexural strengths of PA6/10TM-ADP were increased by 26.1%, 21.2% and 2.4%. Moreover, the crystallinity of PA6/10Fe-ADP, PA6/10Cu-ADP and PA6/10Zn-ADP were increased by 8.3%, 1.2% and 6.3% compared with PA6/10ADP. In short, a new idea and strategy was provided to improve the fire safety and mechanical properties of PA6/ADP composites.</p>

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Transition metal-modified aluminum diethylphosphinate for improving fire resistance and mechanical strengths of polyamide 6

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月3日

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  • Haolin Wang,
  • Zhiyong Zhang,
  • Xiaoli Li,
  • Miaojun Xu,
  • Bin Li

摘要

Aluminum diethylphosphinate (ADP) exhibited excellent flame-retardant properties in polyamide 6 (PA6). However, the flame-retardant efficiency of ADP needed to be further improved for reducing costs and reducing damage to mechanical properties of PA6/ADP composites. Hence, three types of transition metal-modified ADP (TM-ADP) of Fe-ADP, Cu-ADP and Zn-ADP were synthesized to improve the flame-retardant efficiency of PA6 composites. Compared with PA6/12ADP, PA6/12Fe-ADP, PA6/10Cu-ADP and PA6/10 Zn-ADP passed UL-94 V-0 rating. And the time to ignition (TTI) of PA6/10Fe-ADP, PA6/10Cu-ADP and PA6/10 Zn-ADP was extended from 36s for PA6/10ADP to 59, 83 and 43s. Compared with PA6/10ADP, the total heat release (THR) and total smoke production (TSP) of PA6/10TM-ADP were inhibited. In the gaseous phase, the hydrocarbons and carbonyl compounds were restrained through the free radical scavenging effect of phosphorus-containing radicals and the changes in degradation pathways by transition metal. In the condensed phase, the uniform, continuous and expanded residue with abundant P and N elements were formed by the catalytic carbonization process of phosphorus-containing derivatives and transition metal. Besides, the tensile and flexural strengths of PA6/TM-ADP were increased compared with PA6/ADP. Compared with PA6/10ADP, the tensile strengths of PA6/10Fe-ADP, PA6/10Cu-ADP and PA6/10 Zn-ADP were increased by 19.0%, 19.2% and 7.4%. Correspondingly, flexural strengths of PA6/10TM-ADP were increased by 26.1%, 21.2% and 2.4%. Moreover, the crystallinity of PA6/10Fe-ADP, PA6/10Cu-ADP and PA6/10Zn-ADP were increased by 8.3%, 1.2% and 6.3% compared with PA6/10ADP. In short, a new idea and strategy was provided to improve the fire safety and mechanical properties of PA6/ADP composites.