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<p>The essential components of electric vehicles and renewable energy systems depend on lithium-ion batteries because they provide high energy density and extended operational life and efficient performance. The operational performance of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) experiences major deterioration when they operate at temperatures below freezing point. The work&#xa0;examines preheating methods for LIBs through a focus on phase change materials (PCMs) and nano-enhanced PCMs (NEPCMs). The paper evaluates different PCM-based battery thermal management systems (BTMSs) to demonstrate their ability in achieving better thermal distribution and minimizing battery deterioration. The paper establishes a modeling system for NETMLIBs which combines salt hydrates with metallic fins and air-cooling elements for thermal management. The research will explore three main areas of development which include hybrid PCM composites and intelligent control systems and AI-based optimization methods. The research&#xa0;examines advanced battery preheating methods which will improve safety performance and operational efficiency and battery lifespan in cold temperature conditions.</p>

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Pre-heating Li-battery model for extremely low temperature conditions and role of phase change materials

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月26日

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  • Ghulam Rasool,
  • Ali B. M. Ali,
  • Yahia Said,
  • Salah Saadaoui,
  • Oumaima Saidani,
  • Rasan Sarbast Faisal,
  • Shoira Formanova,
  • M. Ijaz Khan

摘要

The essential components of electric vehicles and renewable energy systems depend on lithium-ion batteries because they provide high energy density and extended operational life and efficient performance. The operational performance of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) experiences major deterioration when they operate at temperatures below freezing point. The work examines preheating methods for LIBs through a focus on phase change materials (PCMs) and nano-enhanced PCMs (NEPCMs). The paper evaluates different PCM-based battery thermal management systems (BTMSs) to demonstrate their ability in achieving better thermal distribution and minimizing battery deterioration. The paper establishes a modeling system for NETMLIBs which combines salt hydrates with metallic fins and air-cooling elements for thermal management. The research will explore three main areas of development which include hybrid PCM composites and intelligent control systems and AI-based optimization methods. The research examines advanced battery preheating methods which will improve safety performance and operational efficiency and battery lifespan in cold temperature conditions.