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<p>Shale ash waste could be used as a solid heat carrier and potentially serve as a low-cost catalyst. Dachengzi oil shale samples were retorted in a self-made reactor over shale ashes with three different particle sizes to evaluate the catalytic performance of shale ashes in upgrading shale oil. The results indicated that adding shale ashes improved kerogen reactivity and secondary reactions of pyrolysis products, which slightly affected the shale oil yield but significantly influenced product composition and quality. The shale ashes contributed to cracking heteroatomic compounds, and generating more light oil, short-chain aliphatics and aromatics. The total n-paraffins content was about twice as high as the total 1-olefins content in the derived shale oils which mainly contained bicyclic and tricyclic polycyclic aromatic compounds. Among three shale ashes, 0.20&#xa0;mm shale ash generated the most shale oil with the lowest atomic H/C and O/C ratios, and O content, the lowest average boiling point, the maximum asphaltenes, C<sub>7</sub>-C<sub>12</sub> n-paraffins and 1-olefins, the minimum heavy fractions and aromatics. Both the non-hydrocarbon content and the total content of N, S and O in the obtained shale oil were decreased over 0.20&#xa0;mm shale ash compared to the non-catalytic pyrolysis. 0.20&#xa0;mm shale ash was referred as the optimal solid heat carrier among three shale ashes in simultaneously improving the shale oil yield and quality. </p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Upgrading of shale oil produced by catalytic retorting of dachengzi oil shale over shale ash

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月25日

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  • Sha Wang,
  • Bin Hu,
  • Lipei Qiu,
  • Ziru Wang,
  • Junyin Wang,
  • Jinbiao Yan,
  • Jun Shen,
  • Xiumin Jiang,
  • Cong Shi

摘要

Shale ash waste could be used as a solid heat carrier and potentially serve as a low-cost catalyst. Dachengzi oil shale samples were retorted in a self-made reactor over shale ashes with three different particle sizes to evaluate the catalytic performance of shale ashes in upgrading shale oil. The results indicated that adding shale ashes improved kerogen reactivity and secondary reactions of pyrolysis products, which slightly affected the shale oil yield but significantly influenced product composition and quality. The shale ashes contributed to cracking heteroatomic compounds, and generating more light oil, short-chain aliphatics and aromatics. The total n-paraffins content was about twice as high as the total 1-olefins content in the derived shale oils which mainly contained bicyclic and tricyclic polycyclic aromatic compounds. Among three shale ashes, 0.20 mm shale ash generated the most shale oil with the lowest atomic H/C and O/C ratios, and O content, the lowest average boiling point, the maximum asphaltenes, C7-C12 n-paraffins and 1-olefins, the minimum heavy fractions and aromatics. Both the non-hydrocarbon content and the total content of N, S and O in the obtained shale oil were decreased over 0.20 mm shale ash compared to the non-catalytic pyrolysis. 0.20 mm shale ash was referred as the optimal solid heat carrier among three shale ashes in simultaneously improving the shale oil yield and quality.

Graphical abstract