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<p>A severe tunnel fire frequently involves multiple fire sources and an obstacle blockage. This study uses FDS software and a full-size tunnel model (360&#xa0;m × 10&#xa0;m × 5&#xa0;m) to investigate the behavior of dual-source fires in naturally ventilated tunnels with obstacle blockage, focusing on the effects of the obstacle blockage rate (<i>α</i>) and dual-source fire spacing (<i>φ</i>). The results show that as <i>α</i> increases, the hot smoke distribution on both sides of the burners changes from symmetric to asymmetric under constant <i>φ</i>; the two fire sources change from completely fused to completely separated as <i>φ</i> increases under constant <i>α</i>, and the maximum temperature beneath the ceiling between the fire sources gradually decreases. Based on <i>α</i> and <i>φ</i>, a formula for the maximum temperature under the ceiling and a segmented prediction formula for the longitudinal distribution of downstream temperature were developed. Error analysis further proved the reliability of the models.</p>

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Effect of obstacle blockage on smoke temperature distribution below the ceiling in naturally ventilated tunnels under the condition of double fire sources

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月6日

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  • Jianhua Chen,
  • Qiuju Ma,
  • Zhennan Chen,
  • Yubo Sun

摘要

A severe tunnel fire frequently involves multiple fire sources and an obstacle blockage. This study uses FDS software and a full-size tunnel model (360 m × 10 m × 5 m) to investigate the behavior of dual-source fires in naturally ventilated tunnels with obstacle blockage, focusing on the effects of the obstacle blockage rate (α) and dual-source fire spacing (φ). The results show that as α increases, the hot smoke distribution on both sides of the burners changes from symmetric to asymmetric under constant φ; the two fire sources change from completely fused to completely separated as φ increases under constant α, and the maximum temperature beneath the ceiling between the fire sources gradually decreases. Based on α and φ, a formula for the maximum temperature under the ceiling and a segmented prediction formula for the longitudinal distribution of downstream temperature were developed. Error analysis further proved the reliability of the models.