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<p>This study investigates the thermal performance of a thermosyphon heat pipe using distilled water and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-distilled water nanofluid as working fluids. The research employs thermodynamic modeling based on the second law of thermodynamics, focusing on the entropy generation rates associated with varying heat loads, sink temperatures, and adiabatic lengths. Experimental results demonstrate that higher heat loads and longer adiabatic sections contribute to increased entropy generation, whereas elevated sink temperatures reduce the entropy generation rate by diminishing the temperature difference. Notably, the introduction of the Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-distilled water nanofluid resulted in a significant decrease in entropy generation compared to distilled water, particularly at increased volume fractions. The average absolute deviation (AAD%) varied between a low of 2.60% and a high of 8.98%, both remaining under the 10% threshold, in good agreement with previous studies. These outcomes validate the developed thermodynamic model, which accurately predicts entropy generation under various operating conditions. This research provides valuable insights into optimizing the design of thermosyphon heat pipes for enhanced heat transfer efficiency and broader applications in thermal management systems.</p>

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Thermodynamic analysis of entropy generation in thermosyphon heat pipes using Al2O3 nanofluid and distilled water

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月9日

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  • Hasan Ghazi,
  • Mohammad Reza Sarmasti Emami,
  • Maryam Seif,
  • Arash Kamran Pirzaman

摘要

This study investigates the thermal performance of a thermosyphon heat pipe using distilled water and Al2O3-distilled water nanofluid as working fluids. The research employs thermodynamic modeling based on the second law of thermodynamics, focusing on the entropy generation rates associated with varying heat loads, sink temperatures, and adiabatic lengths. Experimental results demonstrate that higher heat loads and longer adiabatic sections contribute to increased entropy generation, whereas elevated sink temperatures reduce the entropy generation rate by diminishing the temperature difference. Notably, the introduction of the Al2O3-distilled water nanofluid resulted in a significant decrease in entropy generation compared to distilled water, particularly at increased volume fractions. The average absolute deviation (AAD%) varied between a low of 2.60% and a high of 8.98%, both remaining under the 10% threshold, in good agreement with previous studies. These outcomes validate the developed thermodynamic model, which accurately predicts entropy generation under various operating conditions. This research provides valuable insights into optimizing the design of thermosyphon heat pipes for enhanced heat transfer efficiency and broader applications in thermal management systems.