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<p>The reliance on fossil fuels significantly increases carbon dioxide emissions, urging the exploration of renewable and environmentally friendly alternatives. Biomass from various sources, including agricultural residues, forestry waste, and municipal by-products, has shown potential for sustainable energy production. This study investigates frass, a by-product of insect farming, as a potential biofuel. Simultaneous thermal analysis revealed that frass, spent coffee grounds and microcrystalline cellulose release approximately between 10,000 and 12,000&#xa0;kJ&#xa0;kg<sup>−1</sup> of heat. Therefore, biomass fuel pellets were produced under laboratory conditions by combining frass with either spent coffee grounds or microcrystalline cellulose. The pellets were formed in three ways: tablets (using a laboratory tablets press), and two types of cylinders (using a laboratory screw press and pilot cylindrical die granulator). Their physical properties (crushing strength, hygroscopicity, etc.), ash content and chemical properties, thermal effect, and combustion gas analysis were evaluated. Results indicate that the thermal effect of the biofuel pellets ranges between 16,000 and 17,500&#xa0;kJ&#xa0;kg<sup>−1</sup> and combustion gases primarily consist of oxygen (79.14–81.67%) and carbon dioxide (17.29–20.14%), with minimal traces of nitrogen and sulphur dioxide (&lt; 0.5%). These findings highlight the potential of frass-based biofuel as a viable solution for sustainable energy production.</p>

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An assessment of insect farming waste as an alternative biomass fuel

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月28日

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  • Rasa Šlinkšienė,
  • Goda Gudinskaitė,
  • Rasa Paleckienė,
  • Andrius Jaskūnas,
  • Egle Didžiulytė,
  • Kristina Jančaitienė

摘要

The reliance on fossil fuels significantly increases carbon dioxide emissions, urging the exploration of renewable and environmentally friendly alternatives. Biomass from various sources, including agricultural residues, forestry waste, and municipal by-products, has shown potential for sustainable energy production. This study investigates frass, a by-product of insect farming, as a potential biofuel. Simultaneous thermal analysis revealed that frass, spent coffee grounds and microcrystalline cellulose release approximately between 10,000 and 12,000 kJ kg−1 of heat. Therefore, biomass fuel pellets were produced under laboratory conditions by combining frass with either spent coffee grounds or microcrystalline cellulose. The pellets were formed in three ways: tablets (using a laboratory tablets press), and two types of cylinders (using a laboratory screw press and pilot cylindrical die granulator). Their physical properties (crushing strength, hygroscopicity, etc.), ash content and chemical properties, thermal effect, and combustion gas analysis were evaluated. Results indicate that the thermal effect of the biofuel pellets ranges between 16,000 and 17,500 kJ kg−1 and combustion gases primarily consist of oxygen (79.14–81.67%) and carbon dioxide (17.29–20.14%), with minimal traces of nitrogen and sulphur dioxide (< 0.5%). These findings highlight the potential of frass-based biofuel as a viable solution for sustainable energy production.