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<p>This review study thoroughly examines the performance variables influencing solar stills, such as reflectors, varying water depth, design, geometry, ambient temperature, and solar intensity. The review devotes a large amount of attention to sophisticated enhancement methods, including the utilization of nanoparticles, PCM (phase change materials), and PCM incorporated in nanoparticles. The potential for efficiency gains through the use of hybrid nanofluids and nano-coating materials is also investigated. Through a comparative examination, the paper outlines the advantages and difficulties of each method. Key investigations on water depth, reflector integration, and advanced materials are also summarized using tabular data. Results show that using these cutting-edge methods significantly increases solar still production, opening up exciting new research and development opportunities for renewable energy systems.</p>

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Effect of various factors and advanced techniques on solar still performance: a comprehensive review

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月6日

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  • Niraj Kumar,
  • Arun Kumar

摘要

This review study thoroughly examines the performance variables influencing solar stills, such as reflectors, varying water depth, design, geometry, ambient temperature, and solar intensity. The review devotes a large amount of attention to sophisticated enhancement methods, including the utilization of nanoparticles, PCM (phase change materials), and PCM incorporated in nanoparticles. The potential for efficiency gains through the use of hybrid nanofluids and nano-coating materials is also investigated. Through a comparative examination, the paper outlines the advantages and difficulties of each method. Key investigations on water depth, reflector integration, and advanced materials are also summarized using tabular data. Results show that using these cutting-edge methods significantly increases solar still production, opening up exciting new research and development opportunities for renewable energy systems.