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<p>Research was conducted to alter vermiculite by introducing linear octadecylammonium (ODA) cations into the interlayer spaces of the clay at different concentrations, ranging from 0.25 to 3 times the cation exchange capacity (CEC), to prepare organo-vermiculites (ODA-Vmt). This study aims to reveal a crucial mechanism of effective interaction between the surfactant and clay platelets, a detail overlooked in prior studies. The objective was to study the structural and property changes in vermiculite upon ODA cation intercalation. Characterization of the obtained ODA-Vmt was done using structural, morphology, elemental, thermal and bonding analysis. The elemental analysis confirmed successful cation exchange and surfactant intercalation, resulting in a hydrophobic surface. Morphologies revealed rougher textures in organo-vermiculite compared to raw vermiculite. The structural showed increased interlayer spacing with ODA loading, reaching saturation at 2CEC. Bonding analysis indicated strong interaction between ODA and clay, increasing hydrophobicity and thermal analysis showed decreased water-related mass loss and increased surfactant decomposition with higher ODA loading. The thermal analysis also shows that intercalation levels are higher at lower surfactant (≤ 1CEC) concentrations, while surfactant adsorption increases at higher concentrations (≥ 1CEC). This study provides valuable insights into the structure–property relationships of organo-vermiculite materials, highlighting their potential applications in pollutant remediation and advanced nanocomposite development.</p>

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Influence of octadecylammonium surfactant loading on vermiculite’s structure, surfactant distribution and thermal properties

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月5日

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  • Hamoudi Belhoul,
  • Smail Terchi,
  • Naziha Ladjal,
  • Abdelhalim Zoukel,
  • Bahri Deghfel,
  • Issam Ziani,
  • Ahmad Azmin Mohamad

摘要

Research was conducted to alter vermiculite by introducing linear octadecylammonium (ODA) cations into the interlayer spaces of the clay at different concentrations, ranging from 0.25 to 3 times the cation exchange capacity (CEC), to prepare organo-vermiculites (ODA-Vmt). This study aims to reveal a crucial mechanism of effective interaction between the surfactant and clay platelets, a detail overlooked in prior studies. The objective was to study the structural and property changes in vermiculite upon ODA cation intercalation. Characterization of the obtained ODA-Vmt was done using structural, morphology, elemental, thermal and bonding analysis. The elemental analysis confirmed successful cation exchange and surfactant intercalation, resulting in a hydrophobic surface. Morphologies revealed rougher textures in organo-vermiculite compared to raw vermiculite. The structural showed increased interlayer spacing with ODA loading, reaching saturation at 2CEC. Bonding analysis indicated strong interaction between ODA and clay, increasing hydrophobicity and thermal analysis showed decreased water-related mass loss and increased surfactant decomposition with higher ODA loading. The thermal analysis also shows that intercalation levels are higher at lower surfactant (≤ 1CEC) concentrations, while surfactant adsorption increases at higher concentrations (≥ 1CEC). This study provides valuable insights into the structure–property relationships of organo-vermiculite materials, highlighting their potential applications in pollutant remediation and advanced nanocomposite development.