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<p>The synergistic effects in radiated flow of hybrid nanomaterials are important to enhance the thermal performances of solar systems, nuclear energy and various cooling systems. This continuation search significance of synergistic effects in radiative flow of Maxwell hybrid nanofluid associated to stretched surface embedded in saturated porous space. A tri-suspension of hybrid nanofluid containing the aluminium oxide (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>), silicon dioxide (SiO<sub>2</sub>) and titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) nanoparticles have been used with ethyl glycol (C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) base fluid. This proposed model is based on implementation of Cattaneo-Christov heat flux approach to capture the thermal relaxation impact. The representation of problem is further disclosed by interrelating convective constraints and additional thermal features. Results are detected comparatively for mono-nanomaterial, hybrid suspension and tri-hybrid nanofluid. The results observations indicate the inclusion of tri-nanoparticles maintain peak thermal performances due to improve the thermal synergy between the nanoparticles. The claimed results presents applications in optimizing the thermal management processes, heat exchangers, cooling technologies in various microelectronics and more efficient designs for solar collectors.</p>

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Comparative thermal analysis for heat transfer due to mono, hybrid and tri-nanoparticles with synergistic effects: efficient energy and industrial cooling systems applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月31日

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  • Manzoor Ishaq,
  • Sami Ullah Khan,
  • Mohammed A. Tashkandi,
  • Kaouther Ghachem,
  • Adnan,
  • Lioua Kolsi

摘要

The synergistic effects in radiated flow of hybrid nanomaterials are important to enhance the thermal performances of solar systems, nuclear energy and various cooling systems. This continuation search significance of synergistic effects in radiative flow of Maxwell hybrid nanofluid associated to stretched surface embedded in saturated porous space. A tri-suspension of hybrid nanofluid containing the aluminium oxide (Al2O3), silicon dioxide (SiO2) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles have been used with ethyl glycol (C2H6O2) base fluid. This proposed model is based on implementation of Cattaneo-Christov heat flux approach to capture the thermal relaxation impact. The representation of problem is further disclosed by interrelating convective constraints and additional thermal features. Results are detected comparatively for mono-nanomaterial, hybrid suspension and tri-hybrid nanofluid. The results observations indicate the inclusion of tri-nanoparticles maintain peak thermal performances due to improve the thermal synergy between the nanoparticles. The claimed results presents applications in optimizing the thermal management processes, heat exchangers, cooling technologies in various microelectronics and more efficient designs for solar collectors.