<p>When working with porous non-Fourier heat conduction materials under the dual-phase-lag model, it becomes necessary to find out the values of the relaxation (<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10973_2025_14605_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="15" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\tau_{{\text{q}}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>τ</mi> <mtext>q</mtext> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>) and thermalization (<InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10973_2025_14605_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="12" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="18" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\tau_{{\text{T}}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>τ</mi> <mtext>T</mtext> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>) times. In this article, we propose an experimental method to obtain these lagging times for aggregated carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The method, which can be used for any other material, consists of applying a transient heat pulse at one side of the specimen while registering the temperature–time curves at multiple points along it. The remaining faces of the specimen are thermally isolated. Then, an analytical model incorporating these boundary conditions is executed iteratively, varying the lagging times, to minimize the difference between the experimental and theoretical curves. Finally, the best fitting curve gives the best combination of <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10973_2025_14605_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="15" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\tau }_{\text{q}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>τ</mi> <mtext>q</mtext> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10973_2025_14605_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="12" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="18" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\tau }_{\text{T}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>τ</mi> <mtext>T</mtext> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> values. We also present the evolution of the lagging values along the specimen’s thickness in a CNT aggregate.</p>

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Method of obtaining dual-phase-lag times in aggregate porous materials with a nonhomogeneous inner structure

  • A. Massaguer,
  • M. Teixidor,
  • M. Leroy,
  • J. Goeminne,
  • J. J. Suñol,
  • E. Massaguer

摘要

When working with porous non-Fourier heat conduction materials under the dual-phase-lag model, it becomes necessary to find out the values of the relaxation ( \(\tau_{{\text{q}}}\) τ q ) and thermalization ( \(\tau_{{\text{T}}}\) τ T ) times. In this article, we propose an experimental method to obtain these lagging times for aggregated carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The method, which can be used for any other material, consists of applying a transient heat pulse at one side of the specimen while registering the temperature–time curves at multiple points along it. The remaining faces of the specimen are thermally isolated. Then, an analytical model incorporating these boundary conditions is executed iteratively, varying the lagging times, to minimize the difference between the experimental and theoretical curves. Finally, the best fitting curve gives the best combination of \({\tau }_{\text{q}}\) τ q and \({\tau }_{\text{T}}\) τ T values. We also present the evolution of the lagging values along the specimen’s thickness in a CNT aggregate.