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<p>Fire safety is crucial to the safe operation of high-speed trains at high altitudes. However, the combustion behavior of train materials under low ambient pressure is still unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of various pressure environments on the combustion characteristics of polyester glass fiber-reinforced plastics (GFRP). The results indicate that flame height increases as ambient pressure decreases, with increases of 39.3, 40.5, and 47.1% observed under varying radiation heat flux conditions, respectively. Additionally, under low-pressure and low radiation heat flux conditions, the area of carbon black formed on the material’s surface after combustion increased by 9.4%. By calculating the transformed ignition time (1/<i>t</i><sub>ig</sub>)<sup>n</sup> and minimum heat flux, the tested sample was classified as thermally thick material. The maximum burning rate decreases as ambient pressure decreases. A correlation to predict the burning rate of solid materials under varying pressures and external heat fluxes was proposed and fitted by experimental data showing a good agreement. An empirical equation can be derived for the peak combustion rate of polyester GFRP as follows: <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10973_2025_14472_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="23" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="31" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\frac{{\dot{m}}_{\text{max}}}{D}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mfrac> <msub> <mover accent="true"> <mi>m</mi> <mo>˙</mo> </mover> <mtext>max</mtext> </msub> <mi>D</mi> </mfrac> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> ~ (<i>P</i><sup>2</sup><i>l</i><sup>3</sup>)<sup>0.353</sup>.</p>

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Experimental study on the combustion behavior of the resin-based glass fiber-reinforced plastic under low ambient pressure

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月7日

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  • Wei Nan,
  • Wenhui Ji,
  • Yanping Yuan,
  • Jidan Zhang,
  • Qiang Sun

摘要

Fire safety is crucial to the safe operation of high-speed trains at high altitudes. However, the combustion behavior of train materials under low ambient pressure is still unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of various pressure environments on the combustion characteristics of polyester glass fiber-reinforced plastics (GFRP). The results indicate that flame height increases as ambient pressure decreases, with increases of 39.3, 40.5, and 47.1% observed under varying radiation heat flux conditions, respectively. Additionally, under low-pressure and low radiation heat flux conditions, the area of carbon black formed on the material’s surface after combustion increased by 9.4%. By calculating the transformed ignition time (1/tig)n and minimum heat flux, the tested sample was classified as thermally thick material. The maximum burning rate decreases as ambient pressure decreases. A correlation to predict the burning rate of solid materials under varying pressures and external heat fluxes was proposed and fitted by experimental data showing a good agreement. An empirical equation can be derived for the peak combustion rate of polyester GFRP as follows: \(\frac{{\dot{m}}_{\text{max}}}{D}\) m ˙ max D ~ (P2l3)0.353.