<p>This study systematically investigates the synergistic co-combustion of biomass hydrochar and coke tar residue (CTR) as sustainable alternatives for blast furnace injection. Hydrochars derived from soybean straw (H-SS) and corncob (H-CC) exhibited high volatiles, low ash, and oxygen-rich functional groups, resembling low-rank coal, while CTR demonstrated high fixed carbon. Structural analyses via scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area analysis demonstrated hydrochar’s porous morphology and lower graphitization, which enhanced oxygen diffusion and combustion kinetics. Thermogravimetric co-combustion experiments revealed that blending 20% hydrochar with CTR achieved optimal performance, reducing ignition and burnout temperatures while exhibiting the lowest average activation energy calculated by the Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (FWO) and Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose (KAS) models. Blast furnace mass-energy calculations further indicated that H-CC-20% reduced CO<sub>2</sub> emissions by 12.5&#xa0;kg/tHM while maintaining stable bosh gas composition and combustion temperatures. This work developed a synergistic approach for achieving waste-to-resource conversion while reducing fossil fuel dependency in ironmaking processes.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Comparative study on the synergistic effects of hydrochar and coke tar residue on combustion: physicochemical properties, thermochemical behaviors and kinetics

  • Lian Ye,
  • Jianliang Zhang,
  • Xiaojun Ning,
  • Nan Zhang,
  • Chuan Wang,
  • Guangwei Wang

摘要

This study systematically investigates the synergistic co-combustion of biomass hydrochar and coke tar residue (CTR) as sustainable alternatives for blast furnace injection. Hydrochars derived from soybean straw (H-SS) and corncob (H-CC) exhibited high volatiles, low ash, and oxygen-rich functional groups, resembling low-rank coal, while CTR demonstrated high fixed carbon. Structural analyses via scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area analysis demonstrated hydrochar’s porous morphology and lower graphitization, which enhanced oxygen diffusion and combustion kinetics. Thermogravimetric co-combustion experiments revealed that blending 20% hydrochar with CTR achieved optimal performance, reducing ignition and burnout temperatures while exhibiting the lowest average activation energy calculated by the Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (FWO) and Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose (KAS) models. Blast furnace mass-energy calculations further indicated that H-CC-20% reduced CO2 emissions by 12.5 kg/tHM while maintaining stable bosh gas composition and combustion temperatures. This work developed a synergistic approach for achieving waste-to-resource conversion while reducing fossil fuel dependency in ironmaking processes.

Graphical abstract