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<p>In order to increase the compatibility with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), the multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were modified by trimethoxy (1H, 1H, 2H, 2H heptadecafluorodecyl) silane to obtain the fluorosilane-modified MWCNTs (F-MWCNTs). The as-prepared F-MWCNTs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) to confirm the successful surface modification of MWCNTs by fluorosilane. The F-MWCNTs were further blended with polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and PVDF to prepare the MWCNTs/PMMA/PVDF ternary composites containing 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 10% F-MWCNTs by solution mixing, and the as-prepared MWCNTs/PMMA/PVDF composites were characterized SEM, WAXD, FTIR, and alternating current (AC) electrical conductivity testing. It was confirmed that the F-MWCNTs were homogeneously distributed in the PMMA/PVDF matrix. Moreover, the existence of F-MWCNTs contributed to the improvement of the crystallization degree (<i>X</i><sub>c</sub>) and β crystalline content [<i>F</i>(<i>β</i>)] of PVDF as well as the AC electrical conductivity (<i>σ</i><sub>AC</sub>) for the MWCNTs/PMMA/PVDF composites. The values of <i>X</i><sub>c</sub>, <i>F</i>(<i>β</i>), and <i>σ</i><sub>AC</sub> at 100&#xa0;Hz of the MWCNTs(10%)/PMMA/PVDF composite were 47.4%, 56.5%, and 2.40 × 10<sup>–1</sup>&#xa0;Sm<sup>−1</sup>, respectively, while the corresponding values of pure PVDF were only 42.2%, 27.8%, and 1.85 × 10<sup>–9</sup>&#xa0;Sm<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. The enhanced performances of MWCNTs/PMMA/PVDF composites in comparison with those of pure PVDF can be attributed to the interface interactions among F-MWCNTs, PVDF, and PMMA as well as the phase separation of PMMA and PVDF.</p>

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Crystallization behavior and electrical conductivity of fluorosilane-modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes/polymethyl methacrylate/polyvinylidene fluoride ternary composite

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月2日

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  • Bo Lin,
  • Jian-Wu Xiao,
  • Jing-Min Li,
  • Guo-Cui Bao,
  • Dan Li,
  • Jing-Shui Xu,
  • Xiao-Xian Liang,
  • Fu-An He,
  • Kwok-Ho Lam

摘要

In order to increase the compatibility with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), the multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were modified by trimethoxy (1H, 1H, 2H, 2H heptadecafluorodecyl) silane to obtain the fluorosilane-modified MWCNTs (F-MWCNTs). The as-prepared F-MWCNTs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) to confirm the successful surface modification of MWCNTs by fluorosilane. The F-MWCNTs were further blended with polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and PVDF to prepare the MWCNTs/PMMA/PVDF ternary composites containing 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 10% F-MWCNTs by solution mixing, and the as-prepared MWCNTs/PMMA/PVDF composites were characterized SEM, WAXD, FTIR, and alternating current (AC) electrical conductivity testing. It was confirmed that the F-MWCNTs were homogeneously distributed in the PMMA/PVDF matrix. Moreover, the existence of F-MWCNTs contributed to the improvement of the crystallization degree (Xc) and β crystalline content [F(β)] of PVDF as well as the AC electrical conductivity (σAC) for the MWCNTs/PMMA/PVDF composites. The values of Xc, F(β), and σAC at 100 Hz of the MWCNTs(10%)/PMMA/PVDF composite were 47.4%, 56.5%, and 2.40 × 10–1 Sm−1, respectively, while the corresponding values of pure PVDF were only 42.2%, 27.8%, and 1.85 × 10–9 Sm−1, respectively. The enhanced performances of MWCNTs/PMMA/PVDF composites in comparison with those of pure PVDF can be attributed to the interface interactions among F-MWCNTs, PVDF, and PMMA as well as the phase separation of PMMA and PVDF.