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<p>This study examines the structural, morphological, elastic, thermal, and magnetic properties of FeCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (FCO), FeSm<sub>0.01</sub>Co<sub>1.99</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (Sm-FCO), and FeLa<sub>0.01</sub>Co<sub>1.99</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (La-FCO) spinel ferrite powders synthesized via the sol-gel method. XRD analysis reveals a dominant cubic spinel phase, with secondary phases resulting from limited rare-earth solubility. In addition, doping with La and Sm induces lattice expansion and increased crystallite size. FESEM shows grain growth with rare-earth doping, while FTIR spectra indicate small shifts in M-O vibrational modes, with an additional band at ~ 650 cm<sup>-1</sup> in Sm-FCO linked to a hexagonal Sm phase. Elastic and thermal analysis reveal lattice softening in Sm-FCO and enhancement in La-FCO. Room-temperature magnetic hysteresis loops were fitted with ferromagnetic (FM) and paramagnetic (PM) contributions. FCO and La-FCO samples show dominant FM behavior, with saturation magnetization of 46.6 emu/g and 22.7 emu/g, respectively. In contrast, Sm-FCO exhibits PM behavior and negligible saturation magnetization (0.059 emu/g), attributed to a secondary hexagonal Sm phase. The microwave resonance frequencies are X-band (8-12 GHz) for FCO and C-band (4-8 GHz) for La-FCO, highlighting their potential for high-frequency applications such as radar and satellite communications.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Effects of Sm+3 and La+3 substitution on the structural, elastic, thermal, and magnetic properties of iron cobaltite for advanced applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月26日

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  • Aicha Loucif,
  • Jawza Sh Alnawmasi,
  • Safia Alleg

摘要

This study examines the structural, morphological, elastic, thermal, and magnetic properties of FeCo2O4 (FCO), FeSm0.01Co1.99O4 (Sm-FCO), and FeLa0.01Co1.99O4 (La-FCO) spinel ferrite powders synthesized via the sol-gel method. XRD analysis reveals a dominant cubic spinel phase, with secondary phases resulting from limited rare-earth solubility. In addition, doping with La and Sm induces lattice expansion and increased crystallite size. FESEM shows grain growth with rare-earth doping, while FTIR spectra indicate small shifts in M-O vibrational modes, with an additional band at ~ 650 cm-1 in Sm-FCO linked to a hexagonal Sm phase. Elastic and thermal analysis reveal lattice softening in Sm-FCO and enhancement in La-FCO. Room-temperature magnetic hysteresis loops were fitted with ferromagnetic (FM) and paramagnetic (PM) contributions. FCO and La-FCO samples show dominant FM behavior, with saturation magnetization of 46.6 emu/g and 22.7 emu/g, respectively. In contrast, Sm-FCO exhibits PM behavior and negligible saturation magnetization (0.059 emu/g), attributed to a secondary hexagonal Sm phase. The microwave resonance frequencies are X-band (8-12 GHz) for FCO and C-band (4-8 GHz) for La-FCO, highlighting their potential for high-frequency applications such as radar and satellite communications.

Graphical Abstract